DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.1167#0191
4.9.2.5 Morpheme-final two-consonantal clusters containing a sonorant
Sonorants (6 /p/, JK Ival, N In/, \ HI, p Irl, [£]l 1)1, [0]V M) are frequent before obstruents,
e.g.:
SJ\0V\<1 /'raulh/ "wax", sCOeiM /'sajf/ "crazy", KWliT /'sont/ "to create", sHJGOpn /'Jorp/ "to
be early", ^tflBC /'hops/ "to cover", ^OAS /'home/ "sour (stative)", ^(OOTTS /'kiowkJ/ "to
be twisted".
All sonorants apart from £1 1)1 and "K HI can appear in the second position. After an
obstruent, however, there is a good probability that sonorants were spoken syllabic (K§°
§ 5.10.4), e.g. ^(OTp /'hotr/ (/'hotr/ ?) "to join".
The phonetic interpretation is likewise unclear for sequences of two sonorants, e.g. sOBN
"alum" (/Spn/?, /Spn/?), tOOTm "to know", sTA6IOff "50", sTCONOTT "certainly" (/'tonu/?,
/'tonw/?), HO\J\ "to embrace", ^(OpB "to break". On this problem D®5 § 5.9.
4.g.2.6 Morpheme-final three-consonantal clusters
Clusters of three consonants do not seem to be permitted at the end of a morpheme. There
are a few words involving final -TN in which no morpheme boundary is known to have
been present. But it is probable that N was pronounced syllabic here so these are not
consonant clusters in the strict sense:
• sN-SOHTN /n'cDftn/ "headlong" <mtfin
• sCOOVTN /'sawtn/ "to straighten" < sdwn
• sOffOCTN /'wostn/ "to broaden" < wstn
4.9.3 Clusters at a word boundary
The possibilities for consonant clusters are much more extended at a word boundary than
at a morpheme boundary. For example, the personal pronominal clitics K- /k/, C- Is/, <f-
/f/, and TN- /tn/ (An/), as well as the morpheme UJ- /J/ ("can") can precede any verbal
stem in Sahidic. The definite articles Fl- /p/ (masc. sg.) and T- /t/ (fem. sg.) can precede
any single consonant, but normally no consonant cluster in Sahidic. In Bohairic and
Akhmimic, they can even precede any consonant cluster. In many compounds, all vowels
are elided from the first component which frequently creates word-initial clusters of
three or four consonants, e.g. sUJIT-g^OT /'Jphmat/ "to give thanks" (from siy(l)n /'Jop/ "to
receive" + ^AOT /'hmDt/ "grace").
Similarly, final clusters can increase when consonantal suffixes are added. The pronomi-
nal clitics -T It/, -K /k/, -<J /{/, -C /s/, -N /n/ (/n/) and -TN /tn/ occur after verbal stems and
after some nouns, -tj /{/ and -C /s/ are used as nominal suffixes. Many verbs have a
reduplicated structure in which a vowel is elided from the second component. Final
consonant clusters can then appear which violate the restrictions valid for morpheme-
final clusters, e.g.:
191
Sonorants (6 /p/, JK Ival, N In/, \ HI, p Irl, [£]l 1)1, [0]V M) are frequent before obstruents,
e.g.:
SJ\0V\<1 /'raulh/ "wax", sCOeiM /'sajf/ "crazy", KWliT /'sont/ "to create", sHJGOpn /'Jorp/ "to
be early", ^tflBC /'hops/ "to cover", ^OAS /'home/ "sour (stative)", ^(OOTTS /'kiowkJ/ "to
be twisted".
All sonorants apart from £1 1)1 and "K HI can appear in the second position. After an
obstruent, however, there is a good probability that sonorants were spoken syllabic (K§°
§ 5.10.4), e.g. ^(OTp /'hotr/ (/'hotr/ ?) "to join".
The phonetic interpretation is likewise unclear for sequences of two sonorants, e.g. sOBN
"alum" (/Spn/?, /Spn/?), tOOTm "to know", sTA6IOff "50", sTCONOTT "certainly" (/'tonu/?,
/'tonw/?), HO\J\ "to embrace", ^(OpB "to break". On this problem D®5 § 5.9.
4.g.2.6 Morpheme-final three-consonantal clusters
Clusters of three consonants do not seem to be permitted at the end of a morpheme. There
are a few words involving final -TN in which no morpheme boundary is known to have
been present. But it is probable that N was pronounced syllabic here so these are not
consonant clusters in the strict sense:
• sN-SOHTN /n'cDftn/ "headlong" <mtfin
• sCOOVTN /'sawtn/ "to straighten" < sdwn
• sOffOCTN /'wostn/ "to broaden" < wstn
4.9.3 Clusters at a word boundary
The possibilities for consonant clusters are much more extended at a word boundary than
at a morpheme boundary. For example, the personal pronominal clitics K- /k/, C- Is/, <f-
/f/, and TN- /tn/ (An/), as well as the morpheme UJ- /J/ ("can") can precede any verbal
stem in Sahidic. The definite articles Fl- /p/ (masc. sg.) and T- /t/ (fem. sg.) can precede
any single consonant, but normally no consonant cluster in Sahidic. In Bohairic and
Akhmimic, they can even precede any consonant cluster. In many compounds, all vowels
are elided from the first component which frequently creates word-initial clusters of
three or four consonants, e.g. sUJIT-g^OT /'Jphmat/ "to give thanks" (from siy(l)n /'Jop/ "to
receive" + ^AOT /'hmDt/ "grace").
Similarly, final clusters can increase when consonantal suffixes are added. The pronomi-
nal clitics -T It/, -K /k/, -<J /{/, -C /s/, -N /n/ (/n/) and -TN /tn/ occur after verbal stems and
after some nouns, -tj /{/ and -C /s/ are used as nominal suffixes. Many verbs have a
reduplicated structure in which a vowel is elided from the second component. Final
consonant clusters can then appear which violate the restrictions valid for morpheme-
final clusters, e.g.:
191