DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.4679#0263
1. SITUATION AND SCENERY. 237
northwards from the rim, fringing the two sides of the Maeander. The
two ridges consist of flat hills 4,000 ft. high, and are crossed by
passes of 3,500 ft. The eastern ridge spreads out to W. at its
northern end so as to seem like a continuation of the western ridge,
from which the Maeander divides it. The plateau-rim is higher in
this part than either of these ridges, and two peaks in it are over
5,000 ft., Kotchelek- (or Tchukalek)-Dagh (5,871 ft.), a broad
summit, prominent in the view from all parts of the Lycos valley,
and a sharp conical peak which rises straight S. from Demirdji-
Keui and is visible from all parts of the Banaz-Ova:.
§ 2. Lounda. The original site of Lounda was in the sharp angle
where the Maeander turns north to enter the Hyrgalean plain 2. The
situation is very strong on a neck of land, nearly surrounded by the
canon of the Maeander. There is a remarkable analogy between the
situations of Lounda, Blaundos, and Akmonia3. All three are prob-
ably old Phrygian cities, though the second at least was refounded by
the Greek kings ; but in the case of Lounda no evidence remains. In
the peaceful Roman times the more pleasant and accessible situation
on the opposite side of the river about Isa-bey, HadjiJar, and Mahmud-
Ghazi, was preferred ; and many remains show that the Roman city
was actually built there, while it is probable that the old site was
deserted.
Lounda seems to have had the regular constitution of a Greek 'polls
with senate and demos (inscr. 84-5); and the non-existence of coins,
when small places like Bria, and aggregates of villages like those of
the Hyrgaleis, had a coinage, remains unexplained. The possibility
may, indeed, be mentioned that the coins reading (bOYAOYI ANHN •
ZMEPTOPITOZ-cblAnNIAOY were struck at Lounda ; but the usual
assignation to Eumeneia is more probable, though no distinct proof is
known : it is more likely that a city which struck coins before and
after should strike coins under the temporary name of Fulvia than
that Lounda should strike one set of coins as Fulvia and not strike
any more ; moreover the existence of a magistrate at Eumeneia under
Augustus bearing the rare name of Smertorixi and placing it on the
1 From the centre or northern parts under the name of Palaeo-Sebaste in
of Banaz-Ova one sees Salbakos, Cadmos, Cities and Bishoprics no. XX similarly
Yan-Dagh, Ai-Doghmush, and Ak-Dagh, the site of Lounda might be called
rising above and behind the nearer hills Palaeo-Lounda.
of Tchal and Burgas. 4 The spelling indeed is diiferent,
'2 Half-way between Eski-Seid on the cp. Zmyrna and Smyrna. The name is
right bank, and Seid on the left bank Gaulish; and means according to Long-
of the Maeander. perier ' powerful king.'
3
An exactly similar site is described
northwards from the rim, fringing the two sides of the Maeander. The
two ridges consist of flat hills 4,000 ft. high, and are crossed by
passes of 3,500 ft. The eastern ridge spreads out to W. at its
northern end so as to seem like a continuation of the western ridge,
from which the Maeander divides it. The plateau-rim is higher in
this part than either of these ridges, and two peaks in it are over
5,000 ft., Kotchelek- (or Tchukalek)-Dagh (5,871 ft.), a broad
summit, prominent in the view from all parts of the Lycos valley,
and a sharp conical peak which rises straight S. from Demirdji-
Keui and is visible from all parts of the Banaz-Ova:.
§ 2. Lounda. The original site of Lounda was in the sharp angle
where the Maeander turns north to enter the Hyrgalean plain 2. The
situation is very strong on a neck of land, nearly surrounded by the
canon of the Maeander. There is a remarkable analogy between the
situations of Lounda, Blaundos, and Akmonia3. All three are prob-
ably old Phrygian cities, though the second at least was refounded by
the Greek kings ; but in the case of Lounda no evidence remains. In
the peaceful Roman times the more pleasant and accessible situation
on the opposite side of the river about Isa-bey, HadjiJar, and Mahmud-
Ghazi, was preferred ; and many remains show that the Roman city
was actually built there, while it is probable that the old site was
deserted.
Lounda seems to have had the regular constitution of a Greek 'polls
with senate and demos (inscr. 84-5); and the non-existence of coins,
when small places like Bria, and aggregates of villages like those of
the Hyrgaleis, had a coinage, remains unexplained. The possibility
may, indeed, be mentioned that the coins reading (bOYAOYI ANHN •
ZMEPTOPITOZ-cblAnNIAOY were struck at Lounda ; but the usual
assignation to Eumeneia is more probable, though no distinct proof is
known : it is more likely that a city which struck coins before and
after should strike coins under the temporary name of Fulvia than
that Lounda should strike one set of coins as Fulvia and not strike
any more ; moreover the existence of a magistrate at Eumeneia under
Augustus bearing the rare name of Smertorixi and placing it on the
1 From the centre or northern parts under the name of Palaeo-Sebaste in
of Banaz-Ova one sees Salbakos, Cadmos, Cities and Bishoprics no. XX similarly
Yan-Dagh, Ai-Doghmush, and Ak-Dagh, the site of Lounda might be called
rising above and behind the nearer hills Palaeo-Lounda.
of Tchal and Burgas. 4 The spelling indeed is diiferent,
'2 Half-way between Eski-Seid on the cp. Zmyrna and Smyrna. The name is
right bank, and Seid on the left bank Gaulish; and means according to Long-
of the Maeander. perier ' powerful king.'
3
An exactly similar site is described