DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.20134#0056
26
INTRODUCTION".
an operation with which the natives in the hill-countries are but little conversant;
by using copper vessels exclusively the clanger of the formation of verdigris is very
great, if the vessels be not kept unusually clean.
TRANSPORT OF LUGGAGE.
Pa citing. All provisions and articles liable to be damaged by becoming wet
should be packed as securely as possible; for even in Tibet, where there is generally
very little to be feared from rain, the fording of rivers may be very detrimental
to them.
Each of the various packages should be arranged so as to enable one kuli to
carry it even over difficult and dangerous ground.
Means of Conveyance. The traveller's luggage is carried in the Himalaya al-
most exclusively by kulis; in some of the higher valleys by jhubus (a cross-breed
between the yak and the Indian bullock); in Tibet by horses, yaks, and asses;1 and
in TurMstcm and Central Asia by horses or camels. Kulis cannot be hired at all in
the last-named countries, and can only be obtained with difficulty in some provinces
of Tibet, especially in Gnari Khorsum.
A traveller in the Himalaya who intends making slow stages or frequent halts
would do best to engage the necessary number of kulis for a long period. He will
have to pay his kulis, on an average, three anas a day when marching, and two anas
on a rest-day, though these prices vary in different provinces. The wages of kulis are
highest in the environs of Simla, Nainital, and Massuri; lowest in the higher valleys
of Garhval. On no account should an agreement be entered into to provide either
the kulis or the personal servants with food, this being a source of endless quarrel-
ling and vexation; for although the food provided may be of the best quality, and
the most liberal allowance be made, the people will never be satisfied, but will invariably
annoy their master with groundless and interminable complaints, which it will be
beyond his power to remedy. Whenever any party requires a larger number of kulis,
the services of a tinclal or patvari, who acts as superintendent, should be secured, and
care be taken to provide some "chaprass" (belts with engraved plates); in case of
1 Asses are reckoned to carry about a kuli load; these animals are not very numerous.
INTRODUCTION".
an operation with which the natives in the hill-countries are but little conversant;
by using copper vessels exclusively the clanger of the formation of verdigris is very
great, if the vessels be not kept unusually clean.
TRANSPORT OF LUGGAGE.
Pa citing. All provisions and articles liable to be damaged by becoming wet
should be packed as securely as possible; for even in Tibet, where there is generally
very little to be feared from rain, the fording of rivers may be very detrimental
to them.
Each of the various packages should be arranged so as to enable one kuli to
carry it even over difficult and dangerous ground.
Means of Conveyance. The traveller's luggage is carried in the Himalaya al-
most exclusively by kulis; in some of the higher valleys by jhubus (a cross-breed
between the yak and the Indian bullock); in Tibet by horses, yaks, and asses;1 and
in TurMstcm and Central Asia by horses or camels. Kulis cannot be hired at all in
the last-named countries, and can only be obtained with difficulty in some provinces
of Tibet, especially in Gnari Khorsum.
A traveller in the Himalaya who intends making slow stages or frequent halts
would do best to engage the necessary number of kulis for a long period. He will
have to pay his kulis, on an average, three anas a day when marching, and two anas
on a rest-day, though these prices vary in different provinces. The wages of kulis are
highest in the environs of Simla, Nainital, and Massuri; lowest in the higher valleys
of Garhval. On no account should an agreement be entered into to provide either
the kulis or the personal servants with food, this being a source of endless quarrel-
ling and vexation; for although the food provided may be of the best quality, and
the most liberal allowance be made, the people will never be satisfied, but will invariably
annoy their master with groundless and interminable complaints, which it will be
beyond his power to remedy. Whenever any party requires a larger number of kulis,
the services of a tinclal or patvari, who acts as superintendent, should be secured, and
care be taken to provide some "chaprass" (belts with engraved plates); in case of
1 Asses are reckoned to carry about a kuli load; these animals are not very numerous.