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1872.] METAL AND IVORY ORNAMENTS. 149

the ruins of the Homeric Troy.* For at this depth I have
again found, as I found last year, a thousand wonderful
objects; whereas I find comparatively little in the lowest
stratum, the removal of which gives me such unspeakable
trouble. We daily find some of the whorls of very fine
terra-cotta, and it is curious that those which have no
decorations at all, are always of the ordinary shape and
size of small tops or like the craters of volcanoes, while
almost all those possessing decorations are flat and in the
form of a wheel.f Metals, at least gold, silver and copper,
were known to the Trojans, for I found a copper knife
highly gilded, a silver hair-pin, and a number of copper
nails at a depth of 14 meters (46 feet); and at a depth of
16 meters (52,4 feet) several copper nails from 4 to 6\ inches
in length. There must have been also copper weapons and
tools for work, though I have as yet not found any; but I
found many small instruments for use as pins; also a
number of ivory needles, likewise a small ivory plate,
almost the shape of a playing-card, with six little stars or
small suns, also a curious piece of ivory covered with the
same decorations, in the form of a paper-knife, and a still
more curious one in the form of an exceedingly neat
dagger.^ The ornaments on both sides of this dagger
seem certainly to represent the Ilian Athena with the owl's
head. We also discovered some ivory and copper rings,
likewise a pair of bracelets of copper. One-edged or
double-edged knives of white silex in the form of saws,
from above if inch to nearly 2 inches in length, were
found in quantities ; also many hand millstones of lava
about 13 inches long, and 6§ inches broad, in the form
of an egg cut in half longitudinally. All of the terra-

* The reader should bear in mind that Dr. Schliemann finally came
back to this opinion. It is not " second thoughts " (say the authors of
' Guesses at Truth '), but first and third thoughts, that are " best."—[Ed.]

t Compare the sections shown on Plate XXI.

+ See No. 14, on page 36.
 
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