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CHAPTER XVI.

Increased number of workmen — Further uncovering of the great but-
tress — Traces of a supposed small temple — Objects found on its
site — Terra-cotta serpents' heads : great importance attached to
the serpent — Stone implements : hammers of a peculiar form —
Copper implements : a sickle — Progress of the works at the south-
east corner — Remains of an aqueduct from the Thymbrius ■—Large
jars, used for cellars — Ruins of the Greek temple of Athena —
Two important inscriptions discussed — Relations of the Greek
Syrian Kings Antiochus I. and III. to Ilium.

Pergamus of Troy, March 1st, 1873.

Since Monday morning, the 24th of last month, I have
succeeded in increasing the number of my workmen to 158,
and as throughout this week we have had splendid weather,
I have been able to accomplish a good stroke of work in
the six days, in spite of the many hindrances and difficulties
which I had at first to struggle against. Since the 1st of
February I have succeeded in removing more than 11,000
cubic yards of dibris from the site of the temple. To-day,
at last, I have had the pleasure of uncovering a large por-
tion of that buttress, composed of large unhewn white
stones, which at one time covered the entire north-eastern
corner of the declivity, whereas, in consequence of its
increase in size during the course of many centuries by the
ashes of the sacrificed animals, the present declivity of the
hill is 131 feet distant from it to the north, and 262^ feet
distant to the east. To my surprise I found that this
buttress reaches to within 26 feet of the surface, and thus, as
the primary soil is elsewhere always at from 46 to 524 feet
below the surface, it must have covered an isolated hill
horn 20 to 26 feet high, at the north-east end of the
 
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