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AN ILLUSTRATED CYCLOPAEDIA OP THE GEEAT EXHIBITION OP 1851.

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL DEPARTMENTS

TUSCANY.
iI/THOUCUI Tuscany has long since censed to enjoy the industrial
superiority which she held during the Middle Ages, when she reckoned
jiuong ber tributaries some of what are now the most powerful nations in
Europe,—she still looks forward to brighter prospect?; and believes that
tiic same sort of pre-eminence which she once derived from her skill in the
manufacture of woollen and silk fabrics, may again, in some degree, be
realised from the valuable productions of her mines and her soils. It is
unquestionable, indeed, that Tuscany, owing to her numerous mines, which
at daily being discovered, is the Saxony of Italy ; while, for flourishing
fijtieulture, she may be properly compared to Belgium. The grounds for
Ibis assertion were to be found upon the tables of this collection, on which
n-sre laid out the numerous specimens of minerals, extra, ted from mines
that are now in full work, and from others which, though not worked, are
«t well known to contain rich ores. The samples of hard stones, marbles,
metallic ores—all so remarkable for their abundance and (ho great quantity
of woods of all descriptions, suited for cabinet-making, and adapted for
naval constructions, supplies satisfactory cvideneo of her natural wealth.
The collection of agricultural produce ivns not so complete as might have

been expected; but, boraeic
acid, of which we wore
shown superior specimens,
is a produco very much
sought for, and of Tuscan
origin. Discovered in 1777
it was substituted for the
borax cf India and Thibet
which had for a long timo.
supplied the trade. It is
now extracted on an ostensive-
scale under the intelligent
siipcriu tendance of Count do
Lnrdcrell, in the volcanic
localities of Moiiterotondo
and Montecerbfflij iu the
province of Volterra; and
nearly all the manufactories
in Europe use it. Tlio quali-
ties of tho iron from the rich
mine of Elba, many samples of
which we're .sent to the
general Exhibition aro well
known. Interesting speci-
mens of iron from that is-
land were to bo found in the
Tuscan division, as well as
Price Osk Prrxt.

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