DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.809#0017
CONTENTS
§ 38. The Stepped Portico and South-Western System of the
Palace . . . .........
Massive foundations on South Slope; Monumental approach to Palace from Southern
Road-head; The Stepped Portico; Evidence of date of Portico—M. M. I a ; Its
relation to Viaduct; Stone Embankment at Bridge-Head; Road System North of
Bridge; Systematic control of through traffic ; Public and Palatial lines ; Continua-
tion of Minoan Way towards Harbour Town ; Columnar Structure by Bridge-Head ;
Public paved way designed for wheel traffic ; Branch line to Magazine of the Arsenal
containing the ' Chariot Tablets'; Early use of wheeled Vehicles in Crete—Minia-
ture painted Clay Wagon—M. M. I a; Oxen and Asses precede Horses; Four-
wheeled Chariots at Tylissos; The Ass as pack animal; Palanquins—M. M. II
model; Restoration of Stepped Portico; Massive stone ' Horn of Consecration' ;
Fragment of painted plaster relief; Section of Portico approaching an original S.W.
Entrance of Palace; Half-rosette reliefs from area of S.W. Entrance Porch ; Remains
of paved Step-way within Portico ; The Great Catastrophe ; Uncertainty as to South-
West Approach in Late Minoan Palace; Old line of approach deflected; Evidence
of intensive use of Southern Transit Route in L. M. I; Early Eighteenth Dynasty
Tomb paintings paralleled by great Processional Fresco at Knossos.
xvn
PAGE
141
§ 39. The Transit Road in Relation to North and West:
Route : Iberic, Britannic, and Maltese Connexions
Amber
The Central Road in relation to Overseas commerce; Ancient Transit Routes ;
Nauplia to Gulf of Corinth—a further link, seized by Minoans ; Maritime connexions
with South Italy ; Tin routes to the West; The ' Maraviglie'; Irish halberds in Po
Valley and in Sixth Shaft Grave, Mycenae ; Amber Trade by East Adriatic Coast to
Greece and Crete ; Minoan influences on Amber Route—Vapheio Cup type imitated
in Elbe Valley; Cretan tin supply probably from Italian side ; Did Minoans carry tin
to Egypt ? Suggestive Eleventh Dynasty Relief; Egyptian tin flask of Aegean type;
Was there a direct Iberian route, via Malta ? Minoan and Aegean traces in Maltese
Megalithic Monuments; Malta on Mediterranean highway ; its Monuments advanced
examples of a Western Group; Sanctuaries associated with Cult of Dead; Pillar
Cult parallel with Minoan; Indications of Chalcolithic context of Maltese Monu-
ments ; Maltese curvilinear patterns a secondary stage ; Painted decoration of Hal-
Saflieni—Minoan prototypes; The ' disk' motive ; Miniature Altar-like structure of
Minoan class; Incised building with isodomic masonry—its pillared opening ; Folia-
ted designs parallel to Minoan ; Chronological data—overlying Bronze Age stratum
at Hal-Tarxien; Libyan affinities of Maltese cult; Pillar Trinities ; Oracular rites;
Connexions of Minoan Religion with Delta Goddess ; The Libyan ' Dea Caelestis'.
167
40. Reactions on Middle Kingdom Egypt : Seals and Ceiling
Patterns............192
Return wave of Cretan and Aegean influence on Middle Kingdom Egypt; Spirali-
form Aegean patterns merged in Crete with indigenous curvilinear system ; This
independent system already evolved before close of Early Minoan Age; Linked C-
and S-scrolls; ' Tendrilled' S-pattern on Early Minoan seals; its evolution in
Middle Minoan and Mycenaean decorative designs; This and other elements of
Minoan derivation in West Illyrian Culture ; Reaction of Minoan sphragistic types
on Egyptian patterns; Reappear on Mycenae Stelae; Relation of seal patterns to
ceiling designs ; ' Template' ideograph on Middle Minoan seal-stones; Ceilings re-
constructed from Middle Minoan patterns on seals and vases; Minoan tradition in
Egyptian ceilings; Possible influence of patterns on cloths and sails; Minoan
Scrolls linked on Scarabs, &c, with Nilotic features.
II. b
§ 38. The Stepped Portico and South-Western System of the
Palace . . . .........
Massive foundations on South Slope; Monumental approach to Palace from Southern
Road-head; The Stepped Portico; Evidence of date of Portico—M. M. I a ; Its
relation to Viaduct; Stone Embankment at Bridge-Head; Road System North of
Bridge; Systematic control of through traffic ; Public and Palatial lines ; Continua-
tion of Minoan Way towards Harbour Town ; Columnar Structure by Bridge-Head ;
Public paved way designed for wheel traffic ; Branch line to Magazine of the Arsenal
containing the ' Chariot Tablets'; Early use of wheeled Vehicles in Crete—Minia-
ture painted Clay Wagon—M. M. I a; Oxen and Asses precede Horses; Four-
wheeled Chariots at Tylissos; The Ass as pack animal; Palanquins—M. M. II
model; Restoration of Stepped Portico; Massive stone ' Horn of Consecration' ;
Fragment of painted plaster relief; Section of Portico approaching an original S.W.
Entrance of Palace; Half-rosette reliefs from area of S.W. Entrance Porch ; Remains
of paved Step-way within Portico ; The Great Catastrophe ; Uncertainty as to South-
West Approach in Late Minoan Palace; Old line of approach deflected; Evidence
of intensive use of Southern Transit Route in L. M. I; Early Eighteenth Dynasty
Tomb paintings paralleled by great Processional Fresco at Knossos.
xvn
PAGE
141
§ 39. The Transit Road in Relation to North and West:
Route : Iberic, Britannic, and Maltese Connexions
Amber
The Central Road in relation to Overseas commerce; Ancient Transit Routes ;
Nauplia to Gulf of Corinth—a further link, seized by Minoans ; Maritime connexions
with South Italy ; Tin routes to the West; The ' Maraviglie'; Irish halberds in Po
Valley and in Sixth Shaft Grave, Mycenae ; Amber Trade by East Adriatic Coast to
Greece and Crete ; Minoan influences on Amber Route—Vapheio Cup type imitated
in Elbe Valley; Cretan tin supply probably from Italian side ; Did Minoans carry tin
to Egypt ? Suggestive Eleventh Dynasty Relief; Egyptian tin flask of Aegean type;
Was there a direct Iberian route, via Malta ? Minoan and Aegean traces in Maltese
Megalithic Monuments; Malta on Mediterranean highway ; its Monuments advanced
examples of a Western Group; Sanctuaries associated with Cult of Dead; Pillar
Cult parallel with Minoan; Indications of Chalcolithic context of Maltese Monu-
ments ; Maltese curvilinear patterns a secondary stage ; Painted decoration of Hal-
Saflieni—Minoan prototypes; The ' disk' motive ; Miniature Altar-like structure of
Minoan class; Incised building with isodomic masonry—its pillared opening ; Folia-
ted designs parallel to Minoan ; Chronological data—overlying Bronze Age stratum
at Hal-Tarxien; Libyan affinities of Maltese cult; Pillar Trinities ; Oracular rites;
Connexions of Minoan Religion with Delta Goddess ; The Libyan ' Dea Caelestis'.
167
40. Reactions on Middle Kingdom Egypt : Seals and Ceiling
Patterns............192
Return wave of Cretan and Aegean influence on Middle Kingdom Egypt; Spirali-
form Aegean patterns merged in Crete with indigenous curvilinear system ; This
independent system already evolved before close of Early Minoan Age; Linked C-
and S-scrolls; ' Tendrilled' S-pattern on Early Minoan seals; its evolution in
Middle Minoan and Mycenaean decorative designs; This and other elements of
Minoan derivation in West Illyrian Culture ; Reaction of Minoan sphragistic types
on Egyptian patterns; Reappear on Mycenae Stelae; Relation of seal patterns to
ceiling designs ; ' Template' ideograph on Middle Minoan seal-stones; Ceilings re-
constructed from Middle Minoan patterns on seals and vases; Minoan tradition in
Egyptian ceilings; Possible influence of patterns on cloths and sails; Minoan
Scrolls linked on Scarabs, &c, with Nilotic features.
II. b