Ars: časopis Ústavu Dejín Umenia Slovenskej Akadémie Vied (1977-1981(1977))

182

TBix H3 Äpyrnx MaTepnajibHBix ccjaep? — KaK
vjkc óbijio noKaaaHo, tbkhx <J)0pM006pa30BaHHH
BecbMa MHoro h caMbie yóeflMTejibHbie cpeAH hhx
— KpHCTajijibi, MOpcKiie KaMeiiiKH, CKajibi h ropbi,
cthxhhho npHHíiBiune (jjopMH AepeBbeB, hbctob,
/KHBOTHbix, juoaeň, npoAyKTOB nejioBenecKoro
Tpyaa h TBopqecTBa.
CoBna^eHKe npusnaKOB TaKnx ecTecTBeHHbix
(j)opMooópa3OBaHnň h xapaKTepncTHK npoH3Be-
AChhh ncKyccTBa óbiBaeT HacTOJibKO nopa3HTejib-
HblM H nOJIHOIieHHblM, HTO BHOAHe B03M0JKHBI
CHTyaiiMH, Koraa npoH3BeA0HHe npnpoflbí npn-
HMMaeTCH 3a xyAOXcecTBeHHoe npoH3BeneHHe, co3-
AaHHoe HêAOBeKOM, h noMemaeTcn b Myseň H3O-
6pa3HTeAbHoro ncKyccTBa. Bo bchkom cnynae,
BIIOAHe B03M0>KH0 CO3A3HH6 OTAÊAOB (J)OpMOTBOp-
necTBa npnpoAbi npn Mysenx ncKyccTBa.
OAHaKO aah KBaAH(J)HKaiiHM ecTecTBeHHbix
cf>OpMOO6pa3OBaHHH KSK npOHBAeHMM OTpaiKeHHA
h xyAOJKecTBeHHoro TBOpnecTBa TpeóyeTca Teo-
peTHiecKoe npeononenne mhothx BO3pa>KeHHH.
Oaho H3 hhx KacaeTcn toto, hto TaK nasbiBa-
eMbie xyAOTKecTBeHHbie (J)opMoo6pa3OBaHHn npn-
pOAbl CJiynaHHbl H CTHXHHHbl, a npOH3BeAeHHH HC-
KyccTBa neAOBeKa — saKOHOMepna, oco3HaHHbi
h BcerAa ueAenanpaBAeHbi boach neAOBeKa.
CAyqaÖHbi am? — ÆyMaeM, hto hct, móo npo-
M3BeAeHMA npnpoAbi hbahiotch peayAbTaTOM Ma-
TepnaAbHoro eAHHCTBa MHpa.
JlMaAeKTHKO-MaTepMaAMCTHMeCKaA 4)maoco4>hh
noKaaaAa, hto Mnp 6ahh b cBoeň MarepnaAtHOc-
TH, A TO OAHH BHAbl MaTepMH H ABHJK6HHH reHCTH-
necKH oóycAaBAUBaioT BO3HHKHOBeHHe m cymecT-
BOBanne Apyrnx bmaob, mto hoboc BcerAa bo3hh-
KaeT na óaae cTaporo n rnweeT cboh SAeMeHTbi
H npM3HaKH B H6M, HTO HOCTynaTCAbHOe pa3BM-
TMe, noHBAeHMe hoboto BKAionaeT b ceón hobto-
penne CTaporo h KaK óbi B03BpaT k hcmv na
óoAee BbicoKOM, KawecTBeHHo oóorameHHOM
ypoBHe.
BblAO 6bl yAMBMTeAbHblM H B C3M0M A6A6
cAyqanHbíM, ecAM óbi sto reneTHHecKoe camhctbo
MaTepnaAbHoro MHpa ne HaxoAHAO HUKaKoro bei-
pa>KeHMH b (JiopMax hcjkmboh h jkhboh npnpoAbi,
B (jjOpMaX MOpOJKAeHHblX OÓmeCTBeHHOň >KM3HbK).
H TO, MTO M3 H65KMBOH IipHpOAbl B03HMKaeT JKMBO6,
AOKa3biBaeTcn ne toabko Bcefi coBOKynnocTbio
BHyTpeHHMX 33KOHOB CyiM,eCTBOBaHHM M pa3BHTHH

MaTepMH. 3to AOKasbiBaeTca TaK>Ke mhamahcm
MHOrOHMCAeHHblX nAaCTHHeCKMX (|)OpM HOKMBOM
npHpoAbi, KOTopbie KaK 6bi npeABOcxnmaiOT no-
HBAeHHe JKMBbix cymecTB M, bo bchkom CAyqae,
CBHAOTeAbCTByioT, MTO HeTKHBaH npnpoAa MMeeT
AOCTaTOHHO ^OpMOTBOpMeCKHX B03M0JKH0CT6H,
MTOÓbl H3 Hee BO3HMKA3 JKMB3H.
KaK bmaho, MaTepnaAbHoe camhctbo MHpa
MOHCeT ÓbITb HOHHTO H K3K 6AHHCTBO (oÓIHHOCTb)
(j)opM Bceö MaTepHH, kto HMeeT HeMaAOBaxcnoe
3HaneHHe aah noHHMaHHH ncKyccTBa.
CAeAyeT ynHTbiBaTb, hto mcaobck b npouecce
xyAOHcecTBeHHoro TBopnecTBa tbopht ne toabko
HAeaAbHO, HO H MaTepHaAbHO. — KaK B TOM
CMbICAe, KTO 4>OpMbI, B KOTOpbie OH OÓAGKaeT
B CBO6M BOOÓpa>KeHHH MbICAH H HyBCTB3, HOCHT
KOHKpeTHO-nyBCTBeHHblH XapaKTep H HBAHIOTCH
OCOÓblMM nCHXO(j)H3HqeCKHMH CACHKaMH, 3HaA0-
raMH npeAMeTOB h hbachhh MaTepnaAbHon Aen-
CTBHTOAbHOCTH MX HaCTCH. TaK H B TOM CMbICAe •—
H 3T0 TAaBHOe - HTO OH 00'beKTHBHpveT XyAO-
>KecTBeHHbie oópaabi co3H3hhh b MaTepHH, ee
MaTepnaAax — MpaMope, KpacKax, 3ByKax h
T. H. H 3T0 HeH3Óe>KHO B6AÊT K CTHXHHHOMy HAH
OCO3H3HHOMy HCnOAb3OBaHHK) 33KOHOB (jjOpMO-
0Ópa30BaHHH CaMOH npnpOAbl, K nOBTOpeHHK)
onpeneAeHHbix ecTecTBeHHbix 4>opM h, thk cKa-
3aTb, HpHHHHHHaAbHblX CXeM HX B03HHKH0BCHHH,
k óoAee HAH Menee noAHbíM anaAornaM Me>KAy
pesyAbTaTaMH TBopnecTBa neAOBeKa h pesyAbTa-
T3MH (j)OpMOTBOpneCTBa npHpOAM.
JIlOÓOnblTHblM HOATBepJKAeHHeM 3THX MblCACH
HBAHeTCH HaÓAioAeHHe, CAeAaHHoe TapacoM IITre-
(JæKOM. OK33bIBaeTCH, HTO H XyAOJKHHKH, ne CTa-
BHiHHe nepen coóoň hcah ocosnanHoro BOcnpoH3-
BeAëHHH ACHCTBHTeAbHOCTH H BCe TBOpHeCTBO CBO-
AHHJ,He K CaMOBbipaJKeHHK) AHHHOCTH, HeH3Óe>KHO
npHXOAHT B CBOHX npOH3BeA6HHHX K HOBTOpeHHK)
onpeAeAeHHbix cjíopM MaTepnaAbHoři abhcteh-
TeAbHOCTH. «HeAOBeK, K3K HSCTb HpeAMCTOB MH-
pa, OKpyjKaiomero ero, oÓAaAaeT cnocoÓHOCTbio
co3AaBaTb HHTeAAeKTyaAbHbie H6hhocth (cpeAH
HHX HMeiOT CBOe ocočoe MeCTO neHHOCTH XyAO-
HcecTBeHHbie), KOTopbie MaTepnannsyiOTCH b óoah-
HiHHCTBe CAynaeB b MaTepnaAbHbix (jjopMax, h b
TaKOM CAynae 061n.ee noAOÓne (JiopM mbahctcm
AHinb noATBepxAeHHeM MaTepnaAbHoro eAHH-
CTBa MHpa» [25],