0.5
1 cm
56
3jinHCKan apxwTeKTypa khk komhohcht qexocjiOBauKoro apxHTeKTypHoro aBaHrap.ua
TaK lias. „3JiMHCKaíT apxHTeKTypa“ cocTaBjmeT HeorbeM-
jteMyio qacTb qexocjioBaiiKoS apxnTeKTypt>i nepnoAa Me>i<Ay
AByMfl MiipoBBíMH bohhbmh. Ona 6bi.ua njiOAOM rpynnbi
MOAOAMX apXHTeKTOpOB — B. Kap4>HK, H. BojKeHHJleK, P.
r. TIoascmhh, B. KyóeHKa h ap-, — paóoTaBiunx y <[)npMbi
b ceroAHíiiuneM ToTBajibAOBe. Mnorae H3 hhx -
HCKOTopbie cme b nepnoA AOMtoHxencKOÍi pecnyójiHKH, npy-
rne nocjie ontiTa BTopoÄ MHpoBoö bohhh — npimijm
K COIlHaJIMCTHieCKOMy MlipOB033peHHIO, KOTOpblft Hauieji
OTBeTjiHBOe BbipanœHHe h b hx apxiireKTypHOM TBopqecTBe.
3/inHCKaít apxnTeKTypa opraHHqecKH Bbipacra.ua H3
(|>yHKUHH, TCXHOAOfHH H SKCIWiyaTailHH npOMblUIJlCHHOrO
3AaHMíi, npHBeM ona onupajiacb na sjicmchtbi CTaHAapTii-
3anHH, yHH(|)HKaiiHii h TiinoBbte noBTopHbie npoeKTbi. B Heft
6bIJI HCH0Ab30B3’H 3aHMCTBOBaHHbIH H3 AMepHKH MOAyjib
6,15x6,15 m, Ha ochob3hhh Koroporo óbui paspaóoraH
xapaKTepHbiH thk h;i3. „3ahhckh"i ckcact“, npHMeHHBUiHft-
C5I ne TOJlbKO B npOMblUIJieHHblX, HO H B OÓUieCTBeHHblX,
KVJIbTVpHblX, MeAHUHHCKHX, TOprOBblX H APyTHX 34aHHMX.
BeptlIHHOH 3JIHHCKOH apXHTCKTypbl SIBAHCTCH 1 7-3TaJK'HOe
aAMHHHCTpaTHBHoe 3naiiHe, nocrpoennoe b 1936—1938 rr.
no npoeKTy BjianHMHpa Kap<|)HKa, nepBoe bmcothoc sca-
nne eToro mna b Enpone. Oho Bi>i3na.'io HpesBbíHafiHbiH
HHTepeC CBOeň KOMHOHOBKOH, KOHCTpyKHHOHHblM H apXH-
TeKTypHbíM peuieHHeM. K AipyrHM aacjiyjKHBaioiHHM BHHMa-
hhh npoH3BeaeHHíi othochtcji: oómecTBeHHbiH aom (Kap-
<t>HK, 1930), KHHOTearp JI. Tarypa, 1931 —1932), na-
míithhk T. Bare, ceroAHH Rom HCKyccTBa (Tarypa, 1932),
Bee 9T0 b PoTBajibAOBe, KpoMe Toro, yMHBepcajibHbie Ma-
rasmu b lipane (B. Kncejia, Pí. Toqap, A. Černají, 1928—
—1929), ToTBajibAOBe (Tarypa, 1930), Bpno (Kap<|)HK,
1930—1931). Jlnóepeue (Kap<|>HK, 1930—1931), BpaTHCJia-
Be (KapcjiHK, 1931), AMCTepnaMe (Kap<|>HK, 1937).
3naqHTCJibHyio r;iany sjihhckoť apxHTeKTypbi cocraBjiaeT
TeppHTopnajibHoe njiaHwpoBaHne h crponrejihCTBO hobhx
roponoB, opneHTiipyiomeecíi na hach TaK Ha3. ropona-cana
C OTAejieHHblMH 3OH3MH HpOM KIHJieHHOCTH, JKHJlbtMH 3OH3-
MH, ueHTpaJibHbíM ó.iaroycrpoHCTBOM h 3OH3mh ajhi peKpea-
HHH. HneanbHbíM CTHTajica rppoA c HacenenneM b 10 000
íKHTe.neň. floc.ne nepBbix npsiMoyrojibHbix cxeM ycTanoBHA-
Cíl TaK H33. BHJIKOOÓpaSHblH HAH napaÖOJIHHCCKHH THH op-
raHH3amiH 3acTpoňKH. K ycneuiHbíM 3apy6e>KHbiM peaAH3a-
Hhíim cjieAyeT oTHecTH ropoAa: Bopoßo — lOrocnaBHH,
BeJiJi-Kawn — CILIA, BaTanarap — ■ Hhahh, BaTasa — Ka-
iiana, Xe.'iMeK — TToJibma, OrrMyT — TepwaHHH h np. Ap-
XHTCKTypa oOneKTOB BcerAa cqpeMHjiacb yHHTbisaTb mcct-
Hbie yc.TOBHH. y nac 6mah peannsoBanbi koaohhh: Cbht,
HapTH3ancKe, TpjKeÓHH, Bpyq-naA-CaaaBoy, Ccshmobo-
-Ycth.
OÓbHIHOH npaKTHKOH HpOCKTHOH KaHlle.TOpHH B 3aHH6
ÖHJIO COTpyAHHHeCTBO C BHCUITaTHblMH apXHTCKTOpaMH, KO-
TOpbie npHHOCHAH HOBble HACH. KpOMC BHAHbIX HeXOCAOBaU-
khx apxHTeKTopoB (Fl. Koïepa, H. Foqap, B. <t>yKC, K.
Pohikot, 3. PpyiiíKa), 3Aecb ómjih h 3apy6e?KHbie (X.
He<|), <I>. CßeAnyHA, <ï>. IIIyMaxep h b ocoööhhocth Jle
Kop6to3be). IIpoeKTbi Jle Kop6io3be, paapaóoTaHHbte aah
tjlHpMbl, OCTa.lHCb, OAHaKO, He 3aMeneHHbIMH.
Ilocne ocboóojkachhh MHorne 'Utenbi rpynnbi HCnonfa3O-
BaAH CBOÄ ÓOraTbIH Ollbrr b H3MeHHBUIHXCSI OĎIHeCTBeHHblX
H SKOHOMHieCKHX yCJIOBHSIX. BHOBb CO3AaHH3H OpraHH3a-
Hhh LJeHTponpoeKT b TorBajibAOBe npoAOjDKana rpaAH-
H.HH TaK Ha3. 3JIHHCK0H apXHTCKTypbl H HAeH THHH3aU.HH,
yHHijiHKauHH h cTaHAapTH3aiiHH Aajiee paspaóaTMBana b
paMKax coiiiianHCTHqecKoro crponrenbCTBa. BnaAHMnp Kap-
<|ihk CBoeři neAarorHHecKOH h TBopnecKoň AeJiTenbHOCTbio
OKaaaji bahíihhc h na pa3BHTiie apxHTeKTypw b Caob3khh.
Architecture of Zlín as Part of the Czechoslovak Architectural Avantgarde
The so-called “architecture of Zlín” forms an en tire
part of the Czechoslovak architectural avantgardě
between the two World Wars. It was a work of a
group of young architects, as there were V. Karfik,
J. Voženílek, R. H. Podzemný, V. Kubečka and others
who were working for the firm Bata in today’s Gott-
waldov. Several of them — some still during the
period of the pre-M,unich republic, others after the
cruel expériences of World War II — attained a so-
cialist view of life that became significantly expressed
in their architectural création, too.
The architecture of Zlín arose organically out of
the function, technology and management of an in-
dustrial building, taking advantage of the éléments
of Standardization, unification and typical repeated
projects. It used the module 6,15X6,15 m taken over
from America that resulted in the characteristic
so-called „Zlín skeleton“, used not only in industrial,
but social, cultural, sanitary, commercial and other
constructions as well. Top-work of Zlín architecture
— the 17-storeyed administrative building realizëd in
the years 1936—1938 according to the project of Vla-
dimir Karfik — was the first realized sky-high build-
ing of this type in Europe. It evoked an unusual
interest by its constructive, layout and architectonie
design. Among other remarkable works there are the
3jinHCKan apxwTeKTypa khk komhohcht qexocjiOBauKoro apxHTeKTypHoro aBaHrap.ua
TaK lias. „3JiMHCKaíT apxHTeKTypa“ cocTaBjmeT HeorbeM-
jteMyio qacTb qexocjioBaiiKoS apxnTeKTypt>i nepnoAa Me>i<Ay
AByMfl MiipoBBíMH bohhbmh. Ona 6bi.ua njiOAOM rpynnbi
MOAOAMX apXHTeKTOpOB — B. Kap4>HK, H. BojKeHHJleK, P.
r. TIoascmhh, B. KyóeHKa h ap-, — paóoTaBiunx y <[)npMbi
b ceroAHíiiuneM ToTBajibAOBe. Mnorae H3 hhx -
HCKOTopbie cme b nepnoA AOMtoHxencKOÍi pecnyójiHKH, npy-
rne nocjie ontiTa BTopoÄ MHpoBoö bohhh — npimijm
K COIlHaJIMCTHieCKOMy MlipOB033peHHIO, KOTOpblft Hauieji
OTBeTjiHBOe BbipanœHHe h b hx apxiireKTypHOM TBopqecTBe.
3/inHCKaít apxnTeKTypa opraHHqecKH Bbipacra.ua H3
(|>yHKUHH, TCXHOAOfHH H SKCIWiyaTailHH npOMblUIJlCHHOrO
3AaHMíi, npHBeM ona onupajiacb na sjicmchtbi CTaHAapTii-
3anHH, yHH(|)HKaiiHii h TiinoBbte noBTopHbie npoeKTbi. B Heft
6bIJI HCH0Ab30B3’H 3aHMCTBOBaHHbIH H3 AMepHKH MOAyjib
6,15x6,15 m, Ha ochob3hhh Koroporo óbui paspaóoraH
xapaKTepHbiH thk h;i3. „3ahhckh"i ckcact“, npHMeHHBUiHft-
C5I ne TOJlbKO B npOMblUIJieHHblX, HO H B OÓUieCTBeHHblX,
KVJIbTVpHblX, MeAHUHHCKHX, TOprOBblX H APyTHX 34aHHMX.
BeptlIHHOH 3JIHHCKOH apXHTCKTypbl SIBAHCTCH 1 7-3TaJK'HOe
aAMHHHCTpaTHBHoe 3naiiHe, nocrpoennoe b 1936—1938 rr.
no npoeKTy BjianHMHpa Kap<|)HKa, nepBoe bmcothoc sca-
nne eToro mna b Enpone. Oho Bi>i3na.'io HpesBbíHafiHbiH
HHTepeC CBOeň KOMHOHOBKOH, KOHCTpyKHHOHHblM H apXH-
TeKTypHbíM peuieHHeM. K AipyrHM aacjiyjKHBaioiHHM BHHMa-
hhh npoH3BeaeHHíi othochtcji: oómecTBeHHbiH aom (Kap-
<t>HK, 1930), KHHOTearp JI. Tarypa, 1931 —1932), na-
míithhk T. Bare, ceroAHH Rom HCKyccTBa (Tarypa, 1932),
Bee 9T0 b PoTBajibAOBe, KpoMe Toro, yMHBepcajibHbie Ma-
rasmu b lipane (B. Kncejia, Pí. Toqap, A. Černají, 1928—
—1929), ToTBajibAOBe (Tarypa, 1930), Bpno (Kap<|)HK,
1930—1931). Jlnóepeue (Kap<|>HK, 1930—1931), BpaTHCJia-
Be (KapcjiHK, 1931), AMCTepnaMe (Kap<|>HK, 1937).
3naqHTCJibHyio r;iany sjihhckoť apxHTeKTypbi cocraBjiaeT
TeppHTopnajibHoe njiaHwpoBaHne h crponrejihCTBO hobhx
roponoB, opneHTiipyiomeecíi na hach TaK Ha3. ropona-cana
C OTAejieHHblMH 3OH3MH HpOM KIHJieHHOCTH, JKHJlbtMH 3OH3-
MH, ueHTpaJibHbíM ó.iaroycrpoHCTBOM h 3OH3mh ajhi peKpea-
HHH. HneanbHbíM CTHTajica rppoA c HacenenneM b 10 000
íKHTe.neň. floc.ne nepBbix npsiMoyrojibHbix cxeM ycTanoBHA-
Cíl TaK H33. BHJIKOOÓpaSHblH HAH napaÖOJIHHCCKHH THH op-
raHH3amiH 3acTpoňKH. K ycneuiHbíM 3apy6e>KHbiM peaAH3a-
Hhíim cjieAyeT oTHecTH ropoAa: Bopoßo — lOrocnaBHH,
BeJiJi-Kawn — CILIA, BaTanarap — ■ Hhahh, BaTasa — Ka-
iiana, Xe.'iMeK — TToJibma, OrrMyT — TepwaHHH h np. Ap-
XHTCKTypa oOneKTOB BcerAa cqpeMHjiacb yHHTbisaTb mcct-
Hbie yc.TOBHH. y nac 6mah peannsoBanbi koaohhh: Cbht,
HapTH3ancKe, TpjKeÓHH, Bpyq-naA-CaaaBoy, Ccshmobo-
-Ycth.
OÓbHIHOH npaKTHKOH HpOCKTHOH KaHlle.TOpHH B 3aHH6
ÖHJIO COTpyAHHHeCTBO C BHCUITaTHblMH apXHTCKTOpaMH, KO-
TOpbie npHHOCHAH HOBble HACH. KpOMC BHAHbIX HeXOCAOBaU-
khx apxHTeKTopoB (Fl. Koïepa, H. Foqap, B. <t>yKC, K.
Pohikot, 3. PpyiiíKa), 3Aecb ómjih h 3apy6e?KHbie (X.
He<|), <I>. CßeAnyHA, <ï>. IIIyMaxep h b ocoööhhocth Jle
Kop6to3be). IIpoeKTbi Jle Kop6io3be, paapaóoTaHHbte aah
tjlHpMbl, OCTa.lHCb, OAHaKO, He 3aMeneHHbIMH.
Ilocne ocboóojkachhh MHorne 'Utenbi rpynnbi HCnonfa3O-
BaAH CBOÄ ÓOraTbIH Ollbrr b H3MeHHBUIHXCSI OĎIHeCTBeHHblX
H SKOHOMHieCKHX yCJIOBHSIX. BHOBb CO3AaHH3H OpraHH3a-
Hhh LJeHTponpoeKT b TorBajibAOBe npoAOjDKana rpaAH-
H.HH TaK Ha3. 3JIHHCK0H apXHTCKTypbl H HAeH THHH3aU.HH,
yHHijiHKauHH h cTaHAapTH3aiiHH Aajiee paspaóaTMBana b
paMKax coiiiianHCTHqecKoro crponrenbCTBa. BnaAHMnp Kap-
<|ihk CBoeři neAarorHHecKOH h TBopnecKoň AeJiTenbHOCTbio
OKaaaji bahíihhc h na pa3BHTiie apxHTeKTypw b Caob3khh.
Architecture of Zlín as Part of the Czechoslovak Architectural Avantgarde
The so-called “architecture of Zlín” forms an en tire
part of the Czechoslovak architectural avantgardě
between the two World Wars. It was a work of a
group of young architects, as there were V. Karfik,
J. Voženílek, R. H. Podzemný, V. Kubečka and others
who were working for the firm Bata in today’s Gott-
waldov. Several of them — some still during the
period of the pre-M,unich republic, others after the
cruel expériences of World War II — attained a so-
cialist view of life that became significantly expressed
in their architectural création, too.
The architecture of Zlín arose organically out of
the function, technology and management of an in-
dustrial building, taking advantage of the éléments
of Standardization, unification and typical repeated
projects. It used the module 6,15X6,15 m taken over
from America that resulted in the characteristic
so-called „Zlín skeleton“, used not only in industrial,
but social, cultural, sanitary, commercial and other
constructions as well. Top-work of Zlín architecture
— the 17-storeyed administrative building realizëd in
the years 1936—1938 according to the project of Vla-
dimir Karfik — was the first realized sky-high build-
ing of this type in Europe. It evoked an unusual
interest by its constructive, layout and architectonie
design. Among other remarkable works there are the
