DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14697#0023
The Mountain-cults of Zeus 871
angular structure, built of large hewn blocks, with many roof-tiles. It stands on a slight
elevation and, as the finest building on the site, is probably to be identified with the
temple of Zeus 'AKpaios. Its position outside the large precinct is curious [and may imply
that Zeus was a later comer than the deity worshipped in the cave—Cheiron son of Kronos
and Philyra (?) A. B. C.]. Arvanitopoullos was unable to complete the excavation of this
temple, because at midnight on Aug. 15, 1911, a storm burst on the summit of the
mountain, inundated his tent, and forced him to beat a rerreat. The small neighbouring
structure (Z) was left wholly unexcavated.
3 Zeus 'AKpaios. (1) The cult of Zeus 'A/cpatos on Mt Pelion is attested by an inscrip-
tion found near Bupka on the Gulf of Pagasai and now in the Museum at Volo (J. v. Prott
and L. Ziehen Leges Graecorum sacrae ii no. 82, iff. = 0. Kern in the hiscr. Gr. sept.
iii. 2 no. 11 jo, iff. [----irapiGTavat. rd dvp.a]ra Xeu/cd oAokXtj/nz [/ca]j[£>apd d Set dv~\eo-0ai
tQl dewi /cat rd dXXa rd edifbfieva Kadixis [/cat] \ [irplv e]yiveTo, rds 8e tovtojv Bopas irooXeio-dai
dirb tov [vvv xp6]|[eoi> kctJt' eviavTov virb KifpvKa tj)l eKTifi eVt 5e'/ca tov 'ApTefiio~i[uivos
/x?7]|vos Trpd tt)s e/c/cX?;crtas yivop.evrfS evvbpov dirb tov-----\piov virb tQ)v irpoyeypap.-
fxevwv apxbvTuv, avp.irapbvTwv /cat tov iepe\ws tov Atos rod 'AKpaiov /cat tQiv e^eracruij', /cat
to e/c tovtuiv I yevbfievov b~La<p\opov lepbv etfat] tov Atos tov 'AKpaiov.....\vov rds dyopas
-------afia tlol dewL avvaxdeiarj \---k.t.X. (eight lines badly mutilated)) : on this see
supra i. 42 if. In s. ii B.C. the priest of Zeus 'A/cpatos was a personage of importance, who
proposed decrees along with the chief magistrates of the Magnetes (Michel Recueil d'Inscr.
gr. no. 307, 7 f. = Inscr. Gr. sept. iii. 2 no. 1103, 7 f. 'ASatos %A5vp.o[y] 6 iepevs rod Atos tov
['A]|/cpatoi/, ib. iii. 2 no. 1105, II, 6 f. Qrjj3ayivrjs 'AiroWuviov 6 iepevs tov Atos tov \ 'AKpaiov,
Michel op.eit.no. 309, 6 = Inscr. Gr. sept. iii. 2 no. 1108, 6 [Aujctas 'E7rtTeXou 6 iepevs tov
Atos tov 'AKpaiov). About 100 B.C. the priest of Zeus 'AKpaios was eponymous magistrate
of the Magnetes, and those who were charged with the up-keep of the oracle of Apollon
Kopo7ratos took oath by Zeus A/cpatos, Apollon Kopo7ratos, and Artemis 'IwX/cta (Michel
op. cit. no. 842^/, iff., B, 5 ff., 21 f. = Dittenberger Syll. inscr. Gr.3 no. 1157, la, 1 ff.,
I be, 54m, II, 7of.= Inscr. Gr. sept.'m.. 2 no. 1109, I, iff. iepeus Kpivwvos tov HapfAeviuvos,
fj.y)vbs 'Apeiov 5eKaTrji, \ Kpivwv Uapfj.eviwi'os 'O/xoXtei's 6 iepevs tov Atos tov 'A/cpatjoi/ /c.r.X.,
54ft. (cited supra p. 730 n. o sub fin.), II, 70 f. iepeus Kpivuvos tov Hapfxevicovos, firfvos
'ApTe/McriLovos deKarrji, | Kpivwv TLapfxeviwvos 'OpoXievs 6 iepevs tov Atos tov 'AKpaiov
k.t.X.). Cp. Inscr. Gr. sept. iii. 2 no. 1128, 1 ff. Ai>p. Teip-aaideos \ KevTavpios 6 tep[e]i)s
t(p 'AKpaiuj At[t].
(2) On the Pinclos range between Thessaly and Epeiros there was a sanctuary of Zeus
'A/cpatos (Liv. 38. 2 templum Iovis Acraei), whose figure seated on a rock or throne
appears on coins of Gomphoi or Philippopolis (supra i. 124 figs. 90—92).
(3) At Trapezous in Arkadia, beneath Mt Lykaion, sacrifices were offered to Zeus
'A/cpatos (Nikol. Damask, frag. 39 (Frag. hist. Gr. iii. 377 Midler) rax^ Se /cat tovs vieis
(sc. KpeacpovTov) i)deXov (sc. oi eyx&pi-ol diroKTeivaL), oijs TOTe 6 p.rjTpoiraTwp (sc. Kv^/eXos)
dfxa tt; dvyarpi Kvovarj dveiv /xeAXaw Att 'A/cpattp ets Tpaire^ovvra fj.eTeirep.-J/aTo).
(4) At Praisos in eastern Crete, where there was a temple of Zeus At/cratos (supra i.
660), the god seems to have borne the second appellative 'A/cpatos. He appears on silver
Fig. 806.
coins of the town (supra i. 660 n. 3) enthroned with sceptre and eagle and accompanied
by the title AKPAIOS (first correctly deciphered by C. T. Seltman) : fig. 806 is from a
angular structure, built of large hewn blocks, with many roof-tiles. It stands on a slight
elevation and, as the finest building on the site, is probably to be identified with the
temple of Zeus 'AKpaios. Its position outside the large precinct is curious [and may imply
that Zeus was a later comer than the deity worshipped in the cave—Cheiron son of Kronos
and Philyra (?) A. B. C.]. Arvanitopoullos was unable to complete the excavation of this
temple, because at midnight on Aug. 15, 1911, a storm burst on the summit of the
mountain, inundated his tent, and forced him to beat a rerreat. The small neighbouring
structure (Z) was left wholly unexcavated.
3 Zeus 'AKpaios. (1) The cult of Zeus 'A/cpatos on Mt Pelion is attested by an inscrip-
tion found near Bupka on the Gulf of Pagasai and now in the Museum at Volo (J. v. Prott
and L. Ziehen Leges Graecorum sacrae ii no. 82, iff. = 0. Kern in the hiscr. Gr. sept.
iii. 2 no. 11 jo, iff. [----irapiGTavat. rd dvp.a]ra Xeu/cd oAokXtj/nz [/ca]j[£>apd d Set dv~\eo-0ai
tQl dewi /cat rd dXXa rd edifbfieva Kadixis [/cat] \ [irplv e]yiveTo, rds 8e tovtojv Bopas irooXeio-dai
dirb tov [vvv xp6]|[eoi> kctJt' eviavTov virb KifpvKa tj)l eKTifi eVt 5e'/ca tov 'ApTefiio~i[uivos
/x?7]|vos Trpd tt)s e/c/cX?;crtas yivop.evrfS evvbpov dirb tov-----\piov virb tQ)v irpoyeypap.-
fxevwv apxbvTuv, avp.irapbvTwv /cat tov iepe\ws tov Atos rod 'AKpaiov /cat tQiv e^eracruij', /cat
to e/c tovtuiv I yevbfievov b~La<p\opov lepbv etfat] tov Atos tov 'AKpaiov.....\vov rds dyopas
-------afia tlol dewL avvaxdeiarj \---k.t.X. (eight lines badly mutilated)) : on this see
supra i. 42 if. In s. ii B.C. the priest of Zeus 'A/cpatos was a personage of importance, who
proposed decrees along with the chief magistrates of the Magnetes (Michel Recueil d'Inscr.
gr. no. 307, 7 f. = Inscr. Gr. sept. iii. 2 no. 1103, 7 f. 'ASatos %A5vp.o[y] 6 iepevs rod Atos tov
['A]|/cpatoi/, ib. iii. 2 no. 1105, II, 6 f. Qrjj3ayivrjs 'AiroWuviov 6 iepevs tov Atos tov \ 'AKpaiov,
Michel op.eit.no. 309, 6 = Inscr. Gr. sept. iii. 2 no. 1108, 6 [Aujctas 'E7rtTeXou 6 iepevs tov
Atos tov 'AKpaiov). About 100 B.C. the priest of Zeus 'AKpaios was eponymous magistrate
of the Magnetes, and those who were charged with the up-keep of the oracle of Apollon
Kopo7ratos took oath by Zeus A/cpatos, Apollon Kopo7ratos, and Artemis 'IwX/cta (Michel
op. cit. no. 842^/, iff., B, 5 ff., 21 f. = Dittenberger Syll. inscr. Gr.3 no. 1157, la, 1 ff.,
I be, 54m, II, 7of.= Inscr. Gr. sept.'m.. 2 no. 1109, I, iff. iepeus Kpivwvos tov HapfAeviuvos,
fj.y)vbs 'Apeiov 5eKaTrji, \ Kpivwv Uapfj.eviwi'os 'O/xoXtei's 6 iepevs tov Atos tov 'A/cpatjoi/ /c.r.X.,
54ft. (cited supra p. 730 n. o sub fin.), II, 70 f. iepeus Kpivuvos tov Hapfxevicovos, firfvos
'ApTe/McriLovos deKarrji, | Kpivwv TLapfxeviwvos 'OpoXievs 6 iepevs tov Atos tov 'AKpaiov
k.t.X.). Cp. Inscr. Gr. sept. iii. 2 no. 1128, 1 ff. Ai>p. Teip-aaideos \ KevTavpios 6 tep[e]i)s
t(p 'AKpaiuj At[t].
(2) On the Pinclos range between Thessaly and Epeiros there was a sanctuary of Zeus
'A/cpatos (Liv. 38. 2 templum Iovis Acraei), whose figure seated on a rock or throne
appears on coins of Gomphoi or Philippopolis (supra i. 124 figs. 90—92).
(3) At Trapezous in Arkadia, beneath Mt Lykaion, sacrifices were offered to Zeus
'A/cpatos (Nikol. Damask, frag. 39 (Frag. hist. Gr. iii. 377 Midler) rax^ Se /cat tovs vieis
(sc. KpeacpovTov) i)deXov (sc. oi eyx&pi-ol diroKTeivaL), oijs TOTe 6 p.rjTpoiraTwp (sc. Kv^/eXos)
dfxa tt; dvyarpi Kvovarj dveiv /xeAXaw Att 'A/cpattp ets Tpaire^ovvra fj.eTeirep.-J/aTo).
(4) At Praisos in eastern Crete, where there was a temple of Zeus At/cratos (supra i.
660), the god seems to have borne the second appellative 'A/cpatos. He appears on silver
Fig. 806.
coins of the town (supra i. 660 n. 3) enthroned with sceptre and eagle and accompanied
by the title AKPAIOS (first correctly deciphered by C. T. Seltman) : fig. 806 is from a