Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Appendixes and index (Cambridge, 1925)

Zeus Trephonios or Trophonios 1073

APPENDIX K.

ZEUS TREPHONIOS OR TROPHONIOS.

For the cult of Zeus Tpecpwvios or Tpoqbcovws at Lebadeia Rohde Psyche* i.
125 n. 1 cites the following evidence: Strab. 414 Ae/3d§eta S' e'oriV, dVou Aids
Tpo(pa>vlov pavrelov ifipvrai, ^dcrfiaros vwovopov Karajiamv e'xov, KaTaj3alvei §' avros
6 xpv^^p^CofJ-evos, Liv. 45. 27 Lebadiae quoque templum Iovis Trophonii adit
(sc. L. Aimilius Paullus in 167 B.C.): ibi cum vidisset os specus, per quod oraculo
utentes sciscitatum deos descendunt, sacrificio Iovi Hercynnaeque facto, quorum
ibi templum est, etc., Iul. Obseq. prod, no (96 B.C.) Lebadiae Eutychides in
templum Iovis Trophonii digressus tabulam aeneam extulit, in qua scripta erant
quae ad res Romanas pertinerent, [add Ampel. 8. 3 ibi (sc. Arsis in Epiro !—
unless we may assume that a mention of Lebadeia has dropped out of the text,
or that pictui7i est is to be supplied from the preceding clause) Iovis templum
Trophonii (so D. hyphonis C), unde est ad inferos descensus ad tollendas sortes :
in quo loco dicuntur ii qui descenderunt Iovem ipsum videre], Hesych. s.v.
Ae/3d8eia- ttoXis Boia)r[e]i'as', ev8a nal pavTelov Albs to lepbv KareaKevaaro [? leg.
pavTelov Aid?, <T po(pa>vlov > rd iepov KaTao~KevdaavTos], Phot. lex. (p. 154 Her-
mann) s.v. Ae0a8la- ttoXis Boicotlos, ev j) Aios pavrelov, Tpo<fia>vlov KaTao-Kevdo-avTos,
Corp. inscr. Gr. sept, i no. 3090 = R. Meister in Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr.
i. 162 f. no. 423 "Ittttcov 'ETTivLnav Niki'czo I At! Tpecpcovloi on a square base formerly
supporting a statue of Epinike (on the back of the same base was recorded the
-manumission of Athanon (Corp. inscr. Gr. sept, i no. 3080 infra); on its right
side, that of Herma'ia (ib. no. 3081 infra): later the base was used for a statue
of Drusus Caesar (ib. no. 3103)), ib. no. 3098 = L. Stephani Reise durch einige
Gegenden des nbrdlichen Griechenlandes Leipzig 1843 p. 70 f. no. 47 pi. 5 Alovvo-co
Evo-racpvXa) j Kara xprjcrpbv Aid? | Tpoqbaviov, Corp. inscr. Gr. sept, i no. 3077, 3
6 lepevs tov Aids tov Tpocpcovlov Tpocpcoviavos (the priest being named after his god,
as Maybaum Der Zeuskult in Boeotien Doberan 1901 p. n f. remarks).

Further, at Lebadeia—as I urged in Folk-Lore 1904 xv. 301—Zeus bore the
significant title Bao-iXevs (Corp. inscr. Gr. sept, i no. 3073, 89 f. and 93 = Michel
Recueil d''Inscr. gr. no. 589, 89 f. and 93= Dittenberger Syll. inscr. Gr? no.
972, 89 f. and 93 els top vabv tov Aios tov Boo-iAe'co? in an important inscription
of s. ii B.C. dealing with the half-built temple on Mt St. Elias to the W. of
Livadia (Paus. 9. 39. 4, supra p. 900 n. o), Corp. inscr. Gr. sept, i no. 3080, 1 ff.
= R. Meister in Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. i. 165 no. 430, 1 ff. [to Fl]8w[v]
SoiAi[kov I n"\ai8dpiov 'Addvcova txi At ret BaaiXel kt] Tel Tpe(pa>vlei lapbv eipev tov
ndv\ra \ x\pbvov an 6 TaoSe rd? ape pas, Corp. inscr. Gr. sept, i no. 3081, 2 f.
= R. Meister in Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. i. 164 f. no. A2Q, 2 f. Tav Fi8lav
8ovXav 'Uppatav Tel At ret BacriXel kt) tv T'pe\_(p~\u)viv lapav eip\_ev~\ ! tov ndvTa %povov,
Corp. inscr. Gr. sept, i no. 3083, 6ff. = R. Meister in Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-
Inschr. i. 163 no. 425, 6 ff. = Michel Recueil d''Inscr. gr. no. 1392, 6 ff. tov \ FLbiov
depdirovTa 'Av\8piKOv tv At tv BacriAett | nr] tv Tpecpcoviv lapbv ei\pev irappeivavTa
Trap I Tav patepa 'Adavo8a>\pav FeTia Se/ca, Corp. inscr. Gr. sept, i no. 3085, 2 ff.

to "1810V 8ovXinbv 7rai[8dpiov I ^(OKpaTrjv, rrapapeivavTa Kt......] «al 'Apicrro/a'Si, To\y

ndvTa I xpovov lepbv «ard ttjv] dvdd[e]o~iv t<w Ati tg> Ba[<rtAet], lb. no. 3°9I> 1 ff-
= R. Meister in Collitz—Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. i. 162 no. 422, iff. = Michel
Recueil d'Inscr.gr. no. 11 15, i ff. Ne'cov Facr<6)[v8ao] \ dyavodeTel[(ras] I rd BaalXeia |
rd eXr]0)(pLa[TLov~\ I aveOeiKe rot [At] ] rot Bao"tXe[tt] <[rj Trf\ \ ttoXl in an inscription

c 11. 68