DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14697#0229
Zeus Ktesios
1067
gr. no. 806), in Phrygia (G. Cousin 'Inscription d'Ormelle de Phrygie' in the
Bull. Corr. Hell. 1884 viii. 503 part of an astragalomantic inscription found at
Tefeny col. iii, 19 888s~a 0 id' $ Ai6? Kr^Jo-uw 0 {i.e. the throw 4 +4 + 4 + 6 + 1 = 19
is that of Zeus Ktesios) followed by the hexameters dapacov ev x€lP€l KaL e[7r'e']!
\tt18os e'arlv 6 xprjtrpos, cos..... | pavvei nal tov vocreovr^a 8e acoale^i' el 8e ti
pavTevr] ^p\r]ap6s...\. 8]eis aTToXTji^r]. I should venture to restore and read the
lines as follows : Oapacov ev%eipei, Kal err' eXm'Sos io~Tiv 6 xp^o-pos, \ cos aaka pavvei
<al tov vocreovTa 8e trcotrei- \ el 8e ti pavrevrj, xpijcrpovs r]8els aTroXrpyjfr]. See further
the clear and helpful observations of W. R. Halliday Greek Divination London
1913 p. 213 ff. A. Wagener ' Inscriptions grecques recueillies en Asie Mineure'
in the Memoires couronnes et memoires des savants e'trangers, publie's par
V Academie Roy ale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique 1858
—1861 xxx Classe des Lettres 2. 19 f. no. 2 pi. A inscribed on a white marble
stele found at Koloe (Koula) with the prefatory remarks of J. cle Witte ib. p. viii
Aid Y^Trpriov Tarla j Ylanlav tov eaur^[s'J | av8pa, TeipoKparr^s^ | tov irarepa,
Kaprrocpolpos tov dpeyjsavTa | KaTeiepcucrav. | eTovs crod prj(vos) \ Av8valov r) ; from
which it appears that in 175 a.d. ( = 261 of the Sullan era) Tatia definitely con-
secrated her deceased husband Papias as Zeus Ktesios—a striking vindication
of my view that Zeus Ktesios was but the buried ancestor of the clan),atPergamon
in Mysia (H. Hepding in the Ath. Mitth. 1910 xxxv. 452 no. 35 a marble altar
inscribed [Aii K]r7;o-/cot j [M.] Kvprp\ws j Mrjvoyevrjs j o lepocpdvTrjs), and doubtless
elsewhere also. At Amastris in Paphlagonia he was recognised as Zeus Panktesios
(G. Hirschfeld 'Inschriften aus demNorden Kleinasiens besonders aus Bithynien
unci Paphlagohien' in the Sitzungsber. d. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin 1888 p. 878
no. 31 on a small marble altar at Amastris inscribed <^ A11 $ \ TTANKTH CI 00 0).
But this was an exceptional flourish. As a rule, Zeus Ktesios was a homely
power content with worship in a small way—he never has a temple or a statue,
but puts up with a jar or a hearth or at most a trumpery altar. I doubt if he
ever received a handsomer offering than that of the white ox mentioned by
Demosthenes.
(6) The Jars of Zeus in the Iliad.
One interesting possibility must not be neglected. We have traced Zeus
Ktesios back to the days of Aischylos. But the very nature of his cult postulates
a hoary antiquity. There is therefore much to be said for an acute suggestion
made by Miss Harrison {Proleg. Gk. Bel.2 p. 642), viz. that we have a remini-
scence of the self-same cult in the Homeric description of the jars of Zeus
(77. 24. 5-7 ff- 8olo\ yelp Te ttlBoi KciTanelaTai ev Aios ovdei j 8copcov, ola SiSgjcti, kcikcov,
erepos 8e edcov ■ j co pev k' dppl^as 8coy Zevs TepniKepavvos, \ dWoTe pev Te kcikco 6 ye
Kvperai, dWoTe §' eo~d\a> • | to 8e ne tcov \vypcov Scot/, \coj3rjTov edrjue- | Kal e kciktj
[3ov(3pcoo-Tis iiri ^dova 8lav eXavvei, J (poiTq 8' ovTe deolcri TeTipevos ovTe (BpOTolaiv.
For full apparatus criticus see A. Ludwich ad loc. The most important variants
are the omission of line 528 in cod. T. and the substitution of K-qptov ep-n-Xeioi, 6
pev e'ad'Kcbv, avrap 6 8eiXS>v in the passage as quoted by Plat. rep. 379 d, Plout.
quo modo adolescens poetas audire debeat 6 (but cp. consolat. ad Apollon. 7),
Euseb. praep. ev. 13. 3. 12 (from Plat. loc. cit.), Prokl. in Plat. remp. i. 96,
14 f. Kroll. Dr W. Leaf in 1888 printed Sotoi yap Te rrldoi naTaKelarai ev Aios
ou'Set I 8copcov ola 8l8coo~i nattcov, erepos 8e edcov | k.t.A. and supposed that ' Zeus
has two jars of evil for one of good' (cp. Pind. Pytk. 3. 143 ff- iv Trap' eo-\6v
irrjpaTa avv8vo 8alovTai (ipoTols \ dddvaTot). But in 1898, collaborating with
Mr M. A. Bayfield, he was more disposed to admit the possibility that 'there
are only two jars spoken of, one of ills and one of blessings.' For Kancov, erepos
1067
gr. no. 806), in Phrygia (G. Cousin 'Inscription d'Ormelle de Phrygie' in the
Bull. Corr. Hell. 1884 viii. 503 part of an astragalomantic inscription found at
Tefeny col. iii, 19 888s~a 0 id' $ Ai6? Kr^Jo-uw 0 {i.e. the throw 4 +4 + 4 + 6 + 1 = 19
is that of Zeus Ktesios) followed by the hexameters dapacov ev x€lP€l KaL e[7r'e']!
\tt18os e'arlv 6 xprjtrpos, cos..... | pavvei nal tov vocreovr^a 8e acoale^i' el 8e ti
pavTevr] ^p\r]ap6s...\. 8]eis aTToXTji^r]. I should venture to restore and read the
lines as follows : Oapacov ev%eipei, Kal err' eXm'Sos io~Tiv 6 xp^o-pos, \ cos aaka pavvei
<al tov vocreovTa 8e trcotrei- \ el 8e ti pavrevrj, xpijcrpovs r]8els aTroXrpyjfr]. See further
the clear and helpful observations of W. R. Halliday Greek Divination London
1913 p. 213 ff. A. Wagener ' Inscriptions grecques recueillies en Asie Mineure'
in the Memoires couronnes et memoires des savants e'trangers, publie's par
V Academie Roy ale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique 1858
—1861 xxx Classe des Lettres 2. 19 f. no. 2 pi. A inscribed on a white marble
stele found at Koloe (Koula) with the prefatory remarks of J. cle Witte ib. p. viii
Aid Y^Trpriov Tarla j Ylanlav tov eaur^[s'J | av8pa, TeipoKparr^s^ | tov irarepa,
Kaprrocpolpos tov dpeyjsavTa | KaTeiepcucrav. | eTovs crod prj(vos) \ Av8valov r) ; from
which it appears that in 175 a.d. ( = 261 of the Sullan era) Tatia definitely con-
secrated her deceased husband Papias as Zeus Ktesios—a striking vindication
of my view that Zeus Ktesios was but the buried ancestor of the clan),atPergamon
in Mysia (H. Hepding in the Ath. Mitth. 1910 xxxv. 452 no. 35 a marble altar
inscribed [Aii K]r7;o-/cot j [M.] Kvprp\ws j Mrjvoyevrjs j o lepocpdvTrjs), and doubtless
elsewhere also. At Amastris in Paphlagonia he was recognised as Zeus Panktesios
(G. Hirschfeld 'Inschriften aus demNorden Kleinasiens besonders aus Bithynien
unci Paphlagohien' in the Sitzungsber. d. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin 1888 p. 878
no. 31 on a small marble altar at Amastris inscribed <^ A11 $ \ TTANKTH CI 00 0).
But this was an exceptional flourish. As a rule, Zeus Ktesios was a homely
power content with worship in a small way—he never has a temple or a statue,
but puts up with a jar or a hearth or at most a trumpery altar. I doubt if he
ever received a handsomer offering than that of the white ox mentioned by
Demosthenes.
(6) The Jars of Zeus in the Iliad.
One interesting possibility must not be neglected. We have traced Zeus
Ktesios back to the days of Aischylos. But the very nature of his cult postulates
a hoary antiquity. There is therefore much to be said for an acute suggestion
made by Miss Harrison {Proleg. Gk. Bel.2 p. 642), viz. that we have a remini-
scence of the self-same cult in the Homeric description of the jars of Zeus
(77. 24. 5-7 ff- 8olo\ yelp Te ttlBoi KciTanelaTai ev Aios ovdei j 8copcov, ola SiSgjcti, kcikcov,
erepos 8e edcov ■ j co pev k' dppl^as 8coy Zevs TepniKepavvos, \ dWoTe pev Te kcikco 6 ye
Kvperai, dWoTe §' eo~d\a> • | to 8e ne tcov \vypcov Scot/, \coj3rjTov edrjue- | Kal e kciktj
[3ov(3pcoo-Tis iiri ^dova 8lav eXavvei, J (poiTq 8' ovTe deolcri TeTipevos ovTe (BpOTolaiv.
For full apparatus criticus see A. Ludwich ad loc. The most important variants
are the omission of line 528 in cod. T. and the substitution of K-qptov ep-n-Xeioi, 6
pev e'ad'Kcbv, avrap 6 8eiXS>v in the passage as quoted by Plat. rep. 379 d, Plout.
quo modo adolescens poetas audire debeat 6 (but cp. consolat. ad Apollon. 7),
Euseb. praep. ev. 13. 3. 12 (from Plat. loc. cit.), Prokl. in Plat. remp. i. 96,
14 f. Kroll. Dr W. Leaf in 1888 printed Sotoi yap Te rrldoi naTaKelarai ev Aios
ou'Set I 8copcov ola 8l8coo~i nattcov, erepos 8e edcov | k.t.A. and supposed that ' Zeus
has two jars of evil for one of good' (cp. Pind. Pytk. 3. 143 ff- iv Trap' eo-\6v
irrjpaTa avv8vo 8alovTai (ipoTols \ dddvaTot). But in 1898, collaborating with
Mr M. A. Bayfield, he was more disposed to admit the possibility that 'there
are only two jars spoken of, one of ills and one of blessings.' For Kancov, erepos