DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14697#0261
Zeus Meiltchios
1099
appeal1/—titles which applied primarily to the sinner, secondarily to the god
concerned with his sin. Less ambiguous and further removed from primitive
conceptions are the cult-names Lztaws, 'god of Prayers2,' and Katharsios, 'god
valos' (povevs rj /xiapbs- iraXapivaloL yap Xeyovrai oi 5td xetpos dvbpocpovovvTes4 irapd tt]v
iraXd/j.7]v ■ Kal Zevs Ua\ap,vaws, 6 rovs tolovtovs Ti/j-wpovfievos' Kal wpQaTpoTralos 6 irpoo~Tpewwv
rb dyos avTots, Favorin. lex. p. 221, 54 Kal Tievs d¥ <paai YlaXap.vaios, 6 tovs (povels Karap-
piTTTwv, Scholl—Studemund anecd. i. 265 (Atos) 87 iraXa^valov, id. i. 266 (At6s) 69
TraXa/mvalov. Cp. Ap. Rhod. 4. 708 f. (cited supra p. 1097 n. 2) and Clem. Al. protr.
2. 39. 2 p. 29, 6 f. Stahlin ovxl p,kvToi Zeus "i>aXa/cp6s iv "Apyei, Tt/xwpds (J. Bernays cj.
o~ivdp.wpos) be dXXos eV Kvirpu reri^-qadav;
In a church near Gomphoi (Musdki) Leake found a plain quadrangular altar inscribed
in large deeply-cut letters ZHNI | TTAAAMNIW (W. M. Leake Travels in Northern
Greece London 1835 iv. 523 f. pi. 44 no. 220, Lebas—Foucart Peloponncse ii no. 1194,
Inscr. Gr. sept, ii no. 291).
1 Clem. Al. protr. 2. 37. 1 p. 27, 23 f. Stahlin (cited supra p. 1097 n. 2), Souid. s.v.
rraXa/xvalos = Vhot. lex. s.v. TraXap-valos (cited supra p. 109811. 7), Eustath. in Od. p. 1807,
11 f. TrpotTTpoiraLos re yap Zeus iv prjTopiKip XeijtKw (E. Schwabe Aelii Dionysii et Pausaniae
Atticistarum fragmenta Lipsiae 1890 p. 254, 7 ff. : see further Sir J. E. Sandys A History
of Classical Scholarship11 Cambridge 1906 i. 323 and L. Cohn in Pauly—Wissowa Real-
Enc. vi. 1478 ff.), $ av rts, (paal, trpoaTpeiroiTo deb/uevos. Kal irpoaTpbiraios 6 LKerris, 6 irpos
Tiva Sr/XaSi] Se^rt/ctDs Tpeirbp.evos (supra p. 1096 n. 2). It follows that Zeus, who in one
respect was irpoaTpbiraios, in another was awoTpbiraios: cp. Bekker anecd. i. 427, 5 f.
awodioTro/uLTrelcrdat • awoTrifxTrtadat wpbs tov TrpoffTpbiraiov Ala Kai olovel Kadalpeadai 7} IXdcrK-
ecrdai, schol. Plat. Crat. 396 e aTroSLOirotxiretadai (paai to awoTpeireadai tov irpoffTpbivaiov
-Ala Kal olovel Kadalpecrdai rd beivd, schol. Plat. legg. 854 b aTrobiOTropirrjo-ets • rds diro<TTpo<pds
rds yiyvo/iivas virb rod diroTpoiralov Atos, 5td to Kadalpeadai rd beivd- 77 rds air oirop.iv as rds
irpbs tov irpoo-Tpbiraiov Ala Kal olovel Kaddpaeis Kal IXaa/novs, schol. Aischin. depals. leg. 323
irpoaTpbwaibs ecrriv b els eavrbv eirio~irup.evos rd KaKa, oirep earlv evavrlov tov (so H. Sauppe
for t(j) cod. f.) dwoTpbwaios, tov diroTpeirovTos rd KaKa. Sib Kal Ad dwoTpoTralip dvofxev,
ovkItl fxevroi Kal irpoo-Tpoiralip (on which see O. Hofer in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 3154).
The essence of a irpoarpoirrj was that the supplicator and the supplicated should both
be turned towards each other and thus brought into such immediate connexion that the
thing asked must needs be granted. If possible, direct contact was established by the
clasping of knees, chin, etc. (C. Sittl Die Gebdrden der Griechen imd Rdmer Leipzig 1890
pp. 163 ff., 282 f.). Failing that, quasi-CQT\\a.di was made by means of outstretched arms,
etc. (id. ib. pp. 186 ff., 283, 296). But in any case the two parties were face to face.
'2 Coppers of Nikaia in Bithynia, struck by Nero (M. P. Lambros in the Bull. Corr.
Hell. 1878 ii. 508 f. pi. 24, i=myfig. 938 AIOI | AITAjlOY) and Antoninus Pius
(suprai. 37 n. 1 AI|OC j|-AITAIOY)> show the altar of Zeus Atratos (Head Hist, num?
p. 517). O. Hofer in Roscher Lex. Myth.
ii. 2064 explains the title as ' Father of the
Litai' with reference to the remarkable pas-
sage in 77. 9. 502 ff. Kal yap re Atrat elcri, Aibs
Kovpai p,eydXoio, | xaiXat re pvaal re 7rapa/3X<2-
7res r' b<pdaXp.u}, j at pd re Kal \xeTOivio~d'' * Att)S
dXeyovai Kiovaai. | 59 5' "Arr/ ffdevapf) re Kal
dpTliros, ovveKa irddas | iroXXbv vireKirpodeei,
(pddvei 51 Te irao~av eV alav j j3\dTrrovff' dv-
6pd)wovs' al 0" e^aKeovTai birlo-aio. \ bs p.e'v r' aideaerai Kovpas Aibs aaaov lovcras, j tov
de /xey7 uvrjaav Kal t skXvov evxop.evow • \ bs de' k' avrpirfTai Kal re arepeQs airoelirr], j
XlacrovTai 8 dpa tcu ye Ala Kpovlojva Kiovaai | t(p "Attjv dp.' eTreadai, Iva (3\a(pdels dwoTlcrri
(see for variants A. Ludwich ad loc, for imitations Quint. Smyrn. 10. 300 ff. Anals
b dirodvfxia pes-eis, \ at pa /cat avral 7jt]vos epiyboviroio OvyaTpes \ elal, k.t.X., Orph.
Fig. 938.
1099
appeal1/—titles which applied primarily to the sinner, secondarily to the god
concerned with his sin. Less ambiguous and further removed from primitive
conceptions are the cult-names Lztaws, 'god of Prayers2,' and Katharsios, 'god
valos' (povevs rj /xiapbs- iraXapivaloL yap Xeyovrai oi 5td xetpos dvbpocpovovvTes4 irapd tt]v
iraXd/j.7]v ■ Kal Zevs Ua\ap,vaws, 6 rovs tolovtovs Ti/j-wpovfievos' Kal wpQaTpoTralos 6 irpoo~Tpewwv
rb dyos avTots, Favorin. lex. p. 221, 54 Kal Tievs d¥ <paai YlaXap.vaios, 6 tovs (povels Karap-
piTTTwv, Scholl—Studemund anecd. i. 265 (Atos) 87 iraXa^valov, id. i. 266 (At6s) 69
TraXa/mvalov. Cp. Ap. Rhod. 4. 708 f. (cited supra p. 1097 n. 2) and Clem. Al. protr.
2. 39. 2 p. 29, 6 f. Stahlin ovxl p,kvToi Zeus "i>aXa/cp6s iv "Apyei, Tt/xwpds (J. Bernays cj.
o~ivdp.wpos) be dXXos eV Kvirpu reri^-qadav;
In a church near Gomphoi (Musdki) Leake found a plain quadrangular altar inscribed
in large deeply-cut letters ZHNI | TTAAAMNIW (W. M. Leake Travels in Northern
Greece London 1835 iv. 523 f. pi. 44 no. 220, Lebas—Foucart Peloponncse ii no. 1194,
Inscr. Gr. sept, ii no. 291).
1 Clem. Al. protr. 2. 37. 1 p. 27, 23 f. Stahlin (cited supra p. 1097 n. 2), Souid. s.v.
rraXa/xvalos = Vhot. lex. s.v. TraXap-valos (cited supra p. 109811. 7), Eustath. in Od. p. 1807,
11 f. TrpotTTpoiraLos re yap Zeus iv prjTopiKip XeijtKw (E. Schwabe Aelii Dionysii et Pausaniae
Atticistarum fragmenta Lipsiae 1890 p. 254, 7 ff. : see further Sir J. E. Sandys A History
of Classical Scholarship11 Cambridge 1906 i. 323 and L. Cohn in Pauly—Wissowa Real-
Enc. vi. 1478 ff.), $ av rts, (paal, trpoaTpeiroiTo deb/uevos. Kal irpoaTpbiraios 6 LKerris, 6 irpos
Tiva Sr/XaSi] Se^rt/ctDs Tpeirbp.evos (supra p. 1096 n. 2). It follows that Zeus, who in one
respect was irpoaTpbiraios, in another was awoTpbiraios: cp. Bekker anecd. i. 427, 5 f.
awodioTro/uLTrelcrdat • awoTrifxTrtadat wpbs tov TrpoffTpbiraiov Ala Kai olovel Kadalpeadai 7} IXdcrK-
ecrdai, schol. Plat. Crat. 396 e aTroSLOirotxiretadai (paai to awoTpeireadai tov irpoffTpbivaiov
-Ala Kal olovel Kadalpecrdai rd beivd, schol. Plat. legg. 854 b aTrobiOTropirrjo-ets • rds diro<TTpo<pds
rds yiyvo/iivas virb rod diroTpoiralov Atos, 5td to Kadalpeadai rd beivd- 77 rds air oirop.iv as rds
irpbs tov irpoo-Tpbiraiov Ala Kal olovel Kaddpaeis Kal IXaa/novs, schol. Aischin. depals. leg. 323
irpoaTpbwaibs ecrriv b els eavrbv eirio~irup.evos rd KaKa, oirep earlv evavrlov tov (so H. Sauppe
for t(j) cod. f.) dwoTpbwaios, tov diroTpeirovTos rd KaKa. Sib Kal Ad dwoTpoTralip dvofxev,
ovkItl fxevroi Kal irpoo-Tpoiralip (on which see O. Hofer in Roscher Lex. Myth. iii. 3154).
The essence of a irpoarpoirrj was that the supplicator and the supplicated should both
be turned towards each other and thus brought into such immediate connexion that the
thing asked must needs be granted. If possible, direct contact was established by the
clasping of knees, chin, etc. (C. Sittl Die Gebdrden der Griechen imd Rdmer Leipzig 1890
pp. 163 ff., 282 f.). Failing that, quasi-CQT\\a.di was made by means of outstretched arms,
etc. (id. ib. pp. 186 ff., 283, 296). But in any case the two parties were face to face.
'2 Coppers of Nikaia in Bithynia, struck by Nero (M. P. Lambros in the Bull. Corr.
Hell. 1878 ii. 508 f. pi. 24, i=myfig. 938 AIOI | AITAjlOY) and Antoninus Pius
(suprai. 37 n. 1 AI|OC j|-AITAIOY)> show the altar of Zeus Atratos (Head Hist, num?
p. 517). O. Hofer in Roscher Lex. Myth.
ii. 2064 explains the title as ' Father of the
Litai' with reference to the remarkable pas-
sage in 77. 9. 502 ff. Kal yap re Atrat elcri, Aibs
Kovpai p,eydXoio, | xaiXat re pvaal re 7rapa/3X<2-
7res r' b<pdaXp.u}, j at pd re Kal \xeTOivio~d'' * Att)S
dXeyovai Kiovaai. | 59 5' "Arr/ ffdevapf) re Kal
dpTliros, ovveKa irddas | iroXXbv vireKirpodeei,
(pddvei 51 Te irao~av eV alav j j3\dTrrovff' dv-
6pd)wovs' al 0" e^aKeovTai birlo-aio. \ bs p.e'v r' aideaerai Kovpas Aibs aaaov lovcras, j tov
de /xey7 uvrjaav Kal t skXvov evxop.evow • \ bs de' k' avrpirfTai Kal re arepeQs airoelirr], j
XlacrovTai 8 dpa tcu ye Ala Kpovlojva Kiovaai | t(p "Attjv dp.' eTreadai, Iva (3\a(pdels dwoTlcrri
(see for variants A. Ludwich ad loc, for imitations Quint. Smyrn. 10. 300 ff. Anals
b dirodvfxia pes-eis, \ at pa /cat avral 7jt]vos epiyboviroio OvyaTpes \ elal, k.t.X., Orph.
Fig. 938.