Howard, Frank: The sketcher's manual: or, the whole art of picture making reduced to the simplest principles by which amateurs may instruct themselves without the aid of a master (London, 1841)

Sectio.v II.

PICTORIAL, EFFECT.

Pictorial Effect is wholly independent of the
objects introduced, and should never be neglected,
even in the slightest sketch. It confers an
agreeable character upon the most trifling object,
and, in many instances supersedes the necessity
of any objects. A post, or a pail, or a bit of
broken ground,

becomes an agreeable subject of contemplation;
and light and shadow alone, when properly
treated, excite that impression on the mind,

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