DOI Heft:
Artykuły
DOI Artikel:Dymowski, Arkadiusz; Myzgin, Kirill: Inflow and redistribution of Roman Imperial Denarii in the area of the Przeworsk, Wielbark and Chernyakhiv cultures and in the Baltic Islands in the light of chronological structure of coin hoards
DOI Seite / Zitierlink:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.31073#0042
ARKADIUSZ DYM0WSK1, KtR!LL MYZGIN
specify different zones of influx and redistribution of Roman coins within the European Barbaricum.
These zones can be characterized by specitrc features of coin finds, e.g., chronoiogicai and denomi-
nationai structure of coinage and frequency. One of these zones is the region of the West Bait cuitures
where - in contrast to adjacent areas - there is an evident domination of bronze coinage, mainiy
2"" and 3^ century sestertiid Another exampie is pre-Roman Dacia where there is an interesting
phenomenon of numerous hoards of Roman Repubiican denarii recorded in the territory of modern
Romania.^ The iarge iands inhabited by the people of the Przeworsk, Wieibark and Chernyakhiv cui-
tures during the Roman Period (i.e., contemporary Poiand, Ukrainę, Moidova, western Beiarus and
western Russia), and also some of the Baitic islands - Gotiand, Bornholm and, most probabiy, Óiand"
form a separate zonę of infiux and redistribution of (3^) century Imperiai denarii.
The Przeworsk cuiture took form in central and southem parts of present-day Poiand as a re-
suit of adaptation by the iocai popuiation of modeis from the La Tene (Ceitic) cuiture/ In its early
stages - during the late pre-Roman Period (2'^-L* century BC; phases A1-A3) - its territory inciuded,
Lower, and parts of Upper Siiesia, Greater Poiand, Kuyavia, parts of Mazovia, Podlahia, the Lubiin
Region and Lesser Poiand. During phase A3, Przeworsk settiement spread to the upper reaches of
the Southem Bug and the Dniester." During the eariy Roman Period (beginning of the U' - middie of
the 2*"* centui*y AD; phases Bi-B2) the distribution area of Przeworsk finds expanded signihcantiy
from Lower Siiesia, northern Greater Poiand, Kuyavia, northern Mazovia and western Podlahia to
the Lubiin Region and eastern Lesser Poiand." The beginning of the iate Roman Period (the second
haif of the 2""* century; phases B2/CI-Cla) was a time of a major shift of the Przeworsk cuiture
region caused by the expansion of the Wieibark cuiture peopie. The most notable development was
the reiocation of the popuiation southward (to eastern Siovakia, north-eastern Hungary and northern
Romania) and, during phase C2, a signihcant expansion to the south-east and the west, to the area of
modem north-western Ukrainę.'" The iate Roman period (phase C3) brings signihcant changes in the
" A. BURSCHE, "Roman coinage in the West Baitic Circle," Pr//*Ar/7'z'cz//77 2, Warszawa 1992, pp. 231-239;
A. ZAPOLSKA, "Romische Mtinzen in Wesbaitischen Kulturkreis -Kontexte un Funktionen" in: A. BURSCHE,
R. CIOŁEK, R. WOLTERS (eds.), Po/zzr/z? Co/'//^ oz/A/'r/g /Ag P/zz/z/rg. ffrrny r/zzr/ PAr/^gs', Cc/7/gxA r//?r/PzzzzgZzozz^,
Wetteren 2008 ("Collection Moneta," vol. 82), pp. 181-188.
' M.H. CRAWFORD, Coz/zrzgg rz/zr/Mozzgy zz/zr/gz* /Ag Pc/zzrzzz Pg/zzzA/zc. 7/rz/r rzzzr//Ag T/gr/z7gz*z*rzzzgrzzz Fcozz-
o/zzy, Berkiey-Los Angetes i 985, pp. 226-235; K. LOCKYEAR, Prz//gz*zz^ rzzzr//zz*ocg^ zzz /rz/g Pozzzrzzz PgpzzA/zcrzzz
cozzz Aorzz*r/y, 757-2 PC, Oxford 2007, pp. 167-168.
^ Cf. L. LIND, "The Monetary Reforms of the Romans and the Finds of Roman Denarii in Eastem and
Northern Europę," Czzzvgzz/ Pwgr/A/z TzrArzgo/ogr i, 1993, pp. )36-i40; A. BURSCHE, "Roman coins in Scan-
dinavia. Some remarks from the Continenta) perspective" in: J. PIND et al. (eds.), "Dz'z'A - cg r/z/ n/7 /gvg ^Aczz/. "
pg^Akz*////// C/rzLzzzzr/Tfrzzz^gzz/zrz dd-rzz"yr/rzggzzr/. 7<$rzzzgzzs'/2d02, Copenhagen2002, p. 71; iDEM,„Daisze mon-
ety...," p. 200; IDEM, "Relations between the Late Roman World and Barbarian Europę in the light of the coin
finds," Pzz//g/z'zz r/z/ Cgrc/g r/'Ć/zzr/g^ AzzzzzAzzzrz/z^zzg^ 43, 2006, pp. 221-222; H. HORSN/ES, C/*o^/7?g Pozzzzr/rzzzgy.
HzzHzzrz/y^A p/Pczzzrzzz Cozzzs' zzzDrzz/AA Cczz/gxA. Po/. 2; PzzzrA/rc/zz PozzzAo/zzz, Copenhagen 2013, pp. 73-80.
^ J. ANDRZEJOWSKI, "Przeworsk Cuiture. A brief story (for the loreigners)" in: U. LUND HANSEN,
A. BITNER-WRÓBLEWSKA (eds.), Rbz7r/s' ^orz/y? Cozz/rzcA r/croy^ /Ag Prz//z'c Pgrz zzz /Ag 7zozz ^gg. /Vg/wo/*A
DgzzzzzrzzL-Po/rzzzr/, 2005-20d<$, Kobenhavn-Warszawa 2010, p. 60.
s /Azr/gzzz, p. 61, hgs. 1-3.
" /A/r/g/77, p. 70, fig. 9.
/Azr/gzzz, pp. 77-78, hgs. 19-20.
specify different zones of influx and redistribution of Roman coins within the European Barbaricum.
These zones can be characterized by specitrc features of coin finds, e.g., chronoiogicai and denomi-
nationai structure of coinage and frequency. One of these zones is the region of the West Bait cuitures
where - in contrast to adjacent areas - there is an evident domination of bronze coinage, mainiy
2"" and 3^ century sestertiid Another exampie is pre-Roman Dacia where there is an interesting
phenomenon of numerous hoards of Roman Repubiican denarii recorded in the territory of modern
Romania.^ The iarge iands inhabited by the people of the Przeworsk, Wieibark and Chernyakhiv cui-
tures during the Roman Period (i.e., contemporary Poiand, Ukrainę, Moidova, western Beiarus and
western Russia), and also some of the Baitic islands - Gotiand, Bornholm and, most probabiy, Óiand"
form a separate zonę of infiux and redistribution of (3^) century Imperiai denarii.
The Przeworsk cuiture took form in central and southem parts of present-day Poiand as a re-
suit of adaptation by the iocai popuiation of modeis from the La Tene (Ceitic) cuiture/ In its early
stages - during the late pre-Roman Period (2'^-L* century BC; phases A1-A3) - its territory inciuded,
Lower, and parts of Upper Siiesia, Greater Poiand, Kuyavia, parts of Mazovia, Podlahia, the Lubiin
Region and Lesser Poiand. During phase A3, Przeworsk settiement spread to the upper reaches of
the Southem Bug and the Dniester." During the eariy Roman Period (beginning of the U' - middie of
the 2*"* centui*y AD; phases Bi-B2) the distribution area of Przeworsk finds expanded signihcantiy
from Lower Siiesia, northern Greater Poiand, Kuyavia, northern Mazovia and western Podlahia to
the Lubiin Region and eastern Lesser Poiand." The beginning of the iate Roman Period (the second
haif of the 2""* century; phases B2/CI-Cla) was a time of a major shift of the Przeworsk cuiture
region caused by the expansion of the Wieibark cuiture peopie. The most notable development was
the reiocation of the popuiation southward (to eastern Siovakia, north-eastern Hungary and northern
Romania) and, during phase C2, a signihcant expansion to the south-east and the west, to the area of
modem north-western Ukrainę.'" The iate Roman period (phase C3) brings signihcant changes in the
" A. BURSCHE, "Roman coinage in the West Baitic Circle," Pr//*Ar/7'z'cz//77 2, Warszawa 1992, pp. 231-239;
A. ZAPOLSKA, "Romische Mtinzen in Wesbaitischen Kulturkreis -Kontexte un Funktionen" in: A. BURSCHE,
R. CIOŁEK, R. WOLTERS (eds.), Po/zzr/z? Co/'//^ oz/A/'r/g /Ag P/zz/z/rg. ffrrny r/zzr/ PAr/^gs', Cc/7/gxA r//?r/PzzzzgZzozz^,
Wetteren 2008 ("Collection Moneta," vol. 82), pp. 181-188.
' M.H. CRAWFORD, Coz/zrzgg rz/zr/Mozzgy zz/zr/gz* /Ag Pc/zzrzzz Pg/zzzA/zc. 7/rz/r rzzzr//Ag T/gr/z7gz*z*rzzzgrzzz Fcozz-
o/zzy, Berkiey-Los Angetes i 985, pp. 226-235; K. LOCKYEAR, Prz//gz*zz^ rzzzr//zz*ocg^ zzz /rz/g Pozzzrzzz PgpzzA/zcrzzz
cozzz Aorzz*r/y, 757-2 PC, Oxford 2007, pp. 167-168.
^ Cf. L. LIND, "The Monetary Reforms of the Romans and the Finds of Roman Denarii in Eastem and
Northern Europę," Czzzvgzz/ Pwgr/A/z TzrArzgo/ogr i, 1993, pp. )36-i40; A. BURSCHE, "Roman coins in Scan-
dinavia. Some remarks from the Continenta) perspective" in: J. PIND et al. (eds.), "Dz'z'A - cg r/z/ n/7 /gvg ^Aczz/. "
pg^Akz*////// C/rzLzzzzr/Tfrzzz^gzz/zrz dd-rzz"yr/rzggzzr/. 7<$rzzzgzzs'/2d02, Copenhagen2002, p. 71; iDEM,„Daisze mon-
ety...," p. 200; IDEM, "Relations between the Late Roman World and Barbarian Europę in the light of the coin
finds," Pzz//g/z'zz r/z/ Cgrc/g r/'Ć/zzr/g^ AzzzzzAzzzrz/z^zzg^ 43, 2006, pp. 221-222; H. HORSN/ES, C/*o^/7?g Pozzzzr/rzzzgy.
HzzHzzrz/y^A p/Pczzzrzzz Cozzzs' zzzDrzz/AA Cczz/gxA. Po/. 2; PzzzrA/rc/zz PozzzAo/zzz, Copenhagen 2013, pp. 73-80.
^ J. ANDRZEJOWSKI, "Przeworsk Cuiture. A brief story (for the loreigners)" in: U. LUND HANSEN,
A. BITNER-WRÓBLEWSKA (eds.), Rbz7r/s' ^orz/y? Cozz/rzcA r/croy^ /Ag Prz//z'c Pgrz zzz /Ag 7zozz ^gg. /Vg/wo/*A
DgzzzzzrzzL-Po/rzzzr/, 2005-20d<$, Kobenhavn-Warszawa 2010, p. 60.
s /Azr/gzzz, p. 61, hgs. 1-3.
" /A/r/g/77, p. 70, fig. 9.
/Azr/gzzz, pp. 77-78, hgs. 19-20.