Ars: časopis Ústavu Dejín Umenia Slovenskej Akadémie Vied (1977-1981(1977))

180

«KpacoTa (J)opM npHpOAH». ÆeMOHCTpHpyn b
TaôjiHixax ajibôoMa H3ompeHHocTb, H3o6peTaTejib-
HOCTb eCTeCTBeHHHX 4>OpM, AOCTOHHblX reHHH ca-
Moro BejiHKoro lOBennpa, Fennenb aanmonan,
bto npnpOAa niweeT cboh npoH3BeAeHHii, npeBoc-
xoABmne no npacoTe h paanooôpasnio Bce cos-
Aannbie ncKyccTBOM nenošena (ÿopMbi»; hto hoa-
pamaHne nponsBeAennnM npHpoA« nonoxnno
nanano HcnyccTBy nenoBena, n mo oOpamenne
xyAO/KHHKOB K M0THB3M npoH3BeneHHH npnpoAH
MOxeT h ceroAHfl oôorainaTb hx coôcTBennoe
TBopnecTBo [8],
Haineiwy cTpeMnenmo KBajin^nunpOBaTb H3-
BeCTHbie (pOpMH H ÎIBAeHHH npnpOAbl KaK CBOe-
oôpa3Hoe ncnyccTBo ônaronpnHTCTByiOT h Mbicnn
ApeBHefimero noaTa-annnnnoneAncTa JlynpenHH
Kapa, nncaBinero b 3HaMennTon nosMe «O npn-
poAe semen»:
3ßOHKOMy zoAoey nruu, nodpa.Aca.Tb HayuuAucb
yCTCLMU.
Jliodu 3adoAzo nped tëm, kcik ctüau ohu
6 COCTOHHbU
CTpoÜHbLe necHU CAazarb u ycTüM docraoAHTb
HacAcmdeHbe.
Cbuct otce 3eÿupa e nycTbtx ctcôaax KüMbiuioßbix
enepebte
JlyTb HayuuA uocëaah e nycTbie rpocruHKU
HeBHUHbl.
ïKueotiucb, necHU, ctuxu, eaHHbe ucKycHoe
CTÜTyil —
Bce 3TO AiodAM Hywcda yKa3üAa, u pasyM
tlblTAUBblÜ
droMy ux HaynuA b deuotcenbu eneped
nocTeneHHOM.
i
C TOHKH 3peHHH COBpeMeHHOH HayKH, HM6HHO
noTpeônocTH (ny?KAbi) oöinecTBennoro ObiTba
noóyjKAanii nenošena co3AaßaTb xyAOxecTBen-
Hbie oópasbi, neoóxoAHMbie Ana oöinennn možkav
jhoabmh, ajih aanpenneHHH h nepeAann conne-
MeHHMKaM Ba>KHoň MH(|)opMannn. npnpoAa >ne
CBOHMH COÓCTBeHHblMH OÓpa33MH, BO3HHKLLIHMH
CTHXHHHO H HenpOH3BOAbHO, CBOHMH Bbip33HTejIb-
HblMH 3BynaHHBMH H H3OÓpa3HTenbHbIMH (})OpMa-
mh noACKasbiBana nenošeny peanbHbiň nyTb Ana
MaTepHanH3Ma o6pa3OB coanaHHH.

ÄAA Toro, nTOÓbl yTBepAHTbCH B MH6HHH, STO
npnpoAa HMeeT cBoe ncnyccTBo, ne TomAecTBen-
Hoe c TBopnecTBOM nenošena, no h ne nnmeHnoe
npnsHanoB oóhihocth c hhm, hcoOxoahmo ocTa-
noBHTbCH na BajnHeöniHX napaMerpax, onpeAe-
nmoinnx ncnyccTBo nenošena, c tcm, nnoóbi cpaB-
HHTb no HHM eCTeCTBeHHbie 4>OpMOOÓpa3OBaHHH.
He BAaBaacb b AncnyccHH, noTopbie óbi cahih-
noM Aaneno ysenn nac ot tcmm ctstsh, ocTano-
bhmch na caMbix pacnpocTpanennbix xapanne-
pncTHnax ncnyccTBa, nweiomHx mccto b TpaAn-
UHOHHOH MaTepHanHCTHnecnoň h MapncncTcno-
nennncnoH scTei-nne.
B caMOM innponoM cMbicne non HcnyccTBOM
noHHMaeTcn Bcnnoe MacTepcTBO, HcnycnocTb
(zručnost), yMenne (umenie) co3AaBaTb coBep-
mennbie Bemn, AOÓHBaTbcn na npammne cosep-
uienHbix pesynbTaTOB. TaM, rAe nenoBen, MacTep
CBoero nena, AOÓHBaeTCA nonnoro cootbctctehh
(popMbi h coAepjnanHH, noncTpynnnn n (JiynnnnH,
CTpynTypsi h nasnanenHn, tsm roBopsT o ero
HcnycnocTH = HcnyccTBe.
Ho b noTone ncnycnbix co3Aannn, Bbi3Bannbix
n inH3HH MacTepcTBOM nenošena, ocoóo Bbine-
nnioTCH oónenTbi, nasbiBaeMbie xyAOJnecTBennbi-
mh nponsBenennsiMH, — b hhx nocpeACTBOM oó-
pa3OB 0Tpa>naeTcn n no3HaeTCH onpyjnaioman
AeňcTBHTenbHocTb. Xopomo hsbcctho Bbicnasbi-
Banne B. T. Bennncnoro 06 ncnyccTBe nan mhiii-
nenHH b oópasax, nan noBTopennoM, bhobb co3-
AannoM Mnpe. H AeňcTBHTenbno, peanncTHnecnnö
xyAOJnecTBeHHbiH oópas BcerAa BbicTynaeT, c oa-
hoh cTopoHbí, nan cpeAOTonne nyBCTByeMbix
Mbicneň xynojnHHna, nan oóoóinenHe h HAeann-
3anHH CBOHCTB peaAbHOCTH. A C ApyrOH CTOpOHbl,
OH HBAHeTCH npeAMCTHblM «nOBTOpeHHCM MHpa»,
MaTepnannsanneH Mbicneň o AeHCTBHTenbHocTH
B nOHnpeTHblX H HHAHBHAyanbHblX (JiopMax, npn-
cynjHX caMOMy npeAMernowy MHpy. Bnaronaps
Tanoň CBoeň cyinHOCTH ncnyccTBo h o t p a >n a-
et AeHCTBHTenbHOCTb, h BbipaxaeT mbicah
h nyBCTBa nioAeň, h BbinonnneT MHoronncneHHbie
y h n n h h, cpeAH noTopsix Bajnnyio ponb nr-
paioT no3HaBaTenbHas, oneHonHo-acTeTHnecnas,
KOMMyHHnaTHBHaH H AP-
HapaMeTpbi OTpa>neHHíi, BbipainenHH, (JiyHnnHO-
HanbHocTH BMecTe c óonee mnponHM napaMeT-