Ars: časopis Ústavu Dejín Umenia Slovenskej Akadémie Vied (44.2011)

be interpreted as a part of building the tribune. It
was probably a staircase leading to the tribune in
a form of the tower-like extension. The extension
of the three buttresses on the west of the church is
connected with the construction of the tower-like
staircase and with building a hall in front of the
church [Figs. 10.1-10.2]. The church had thus two
construction phases.
The origin of the church No. 10 is sought in
north-Italian and especially in the Dalmatian ar-
chitecture. In Southern Dalmatia there háve been
extended two types of churches from the 9* to the
11* Century with arrangement identical in pnnciple
to the hrst phase of the church No. 10. It was the
type of a one-nave church with external walls divided
by lesenas carrying blind arcades [Fig. 12] and the
p^pe of south-Dalmatian church with a cupola [Fig.
13] with a vaulted interior divided by lesenas carry-
ing arch bands and with a small tower with a cupola
situated above the middle vault held. These p^pes
of Dalmatian churches differs from the church No.
10 in the lesenas with blind arcades, in the footprint
of the presbytery, in dadng mostly to the 10*- 11*
Century and in the absence of the tribune. Despite
these différences, these p^pes of Dalmatian churches
are the closest analogies for the hrst construction
phase of the church No. 10.

Only in one case of these Dalmatian churches
the tower extension is assumed which should serve
as a westwork and should be a proof of influence
of Carolingian, respectively Ottonian architecture
on old Croatian architecture. Therefore, neither the
tribune with the tower-like staircase which represents
the second construction phase of the church No.
10 in Mikulčice can be derived from the Dalmatian
church types, but must be regarded as an import of
Western Carolingian architecture.
The church No. 10, similarly to the other Great
Moravian churches, is a result of the synthesis in
architecture that is unique for the Great Moravian
environment — it combines the impacts of European
South and European West.
Dating the hrst construction phase of the church
No. 10 can be expected during the reign of Rastislav,
and probably in the years 850 — 870, when it is pos-
sible to expect an increased activity of the priests
from ,,Welsch and Greece", i.e. from northern Italy
and the Byzantine Dalmatian coast called „Greece",
in Great Moravia in connection with efforts to reduce
the impact of the Bavarian Church and with the estab-
lishment of the own Moravian province. Building the
tribune and reconstruction of the western part of the
church may be generally dated back to the last third of
the 9* Century or at latest the early 10* Century.
EyyAD At Ai.

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