DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.4682#0078
Summary
Summary
The citadel at Spandau, built between 1559-1583, is a fortress based on the so-called bastioned
System which was developed in Northern Italy and which began to spread throughout the rest
of Europe in the course of the sixteenth Century. Spandau ranks among one of the earliest
examples of such fortresses in Germany, and has, on account of its well preserved condition
considerable historical and achitectural value.
The central part of this study is the so-called "Lynarplan", a project of the citadel originating
from the second half of the sixteenth Century, now kept in the "Staatsbibliothek Preussischer
Kulturbesitz" (State Library for the former Prussian cultural heritage) in Berlin (ref.-Nr. X
33 851) . In the first part of this study the "Lynarplan" is interpreted at length and compared
with the existing building and other plans, using the available written sources. The purpose
here is not only to examine whether the plan actually was drawn up by the Count of Lynar
( 1525-1596) and when it was originated, but also to analyse the purposes that the construc-
tion had to serve according to the original planning. The most important conclusions of this
work are as follows:
- that the plan was in fact drawn up by Lynar, but not in the year 1593 as was noted on the
reverse of the plan, but already in 1578, when Lynar took over the further development of
the citadel.
- that originally however, in the year 1559, the fortress was planned by the Italien Francesco
Chiaramella de Gandino. He worked up until 1578 on the southern defences, erecting construc-
tions that are still in good condition today, such as the "König"-bastion, begun in 1559, and
the gatehouse, first mentioned 1563, using his original plan which is unfortunately no longer
in existence.
- that both the northern bastions with their comparatively unusual conception can be attributed
to Lynar.
- that the "Lynarplan" also shows a residential building behind the western defences for the
use of the Elector of Brandenburg, but which was never actually constructed, along with a
barracks on the northern defences.
In the second part of this work comparisons with other constructions of the same period should
make clear that the citadel exhibited on the one hand the latest developments in military tech-
nology, but that on the other hand the retention of the older castle and its planned completion
with a residential wing showed the continuation of the tradition of the mediaeval feudal Castle.
There is an attempt to depict the State of social development in Brandenburg in the sixteenth
Century that brought about the construction of such an enormous, highly modern though tra-
ditionally based complex at Spandau.
/
In the two appendices the most important written sources regarding the development of the
citadel in the sixteenth Century, and the most important plans are listed and briefly commented
upon.
(Übersetzung: Tim Williams)
- 78 -
Summary
The citadel at Spandau, built between 1559-1583, is a fortress based on the so-called bastioned
System which was developed in Northern Italy and which began to spread throughout the rest
of Europe in the course of the sixteenth Century. Spandau ranks among one of the earliest
examples of such fortresses in Germany, and has, on account of its well preserved condition
considerable historical and achitectural value.
The central part of this study is the so-called "Lynarplan", a project of the citadel originating
from the second half of the sixteenth Century, now kept in the "Staatsbibliothek Preussischer
Kulturbesitz" (State Library for the former Prussian cultural heritage) in Berlin (ref.-Nr. X
33 851) . In the first part of this study the "Lynarplan" is interpreted at length and compared
with the existing building and other plans, using the available written sources. The purpose
here is not only to examine whether the plan actually was drawn up by the Count of Lynar
( 1525-1596) and when it was originated, but also to analyse the purposes that the construc-
tion had to serve according to the original planning. The most important conclusions of this
work are as follows:
- that the plan was in fact drawn up by Lynar, but not in the year 1593 as was noted on the
reverse of the plan, but already in 1578, when Lynar took over the further development of
the citadel.
- that originally however, in the year 1559, the fortress was planned by the Italien Francesco
Chiaramella de Gandino. He worked up until 1578 on the southern defences, erecting construc-
tions that are still in good condition today, such as the "König"-bastion, begun in 1559, and
the gatehouse, first mentioned 1563, using his original plan which is unfortunately no longer
in existence.
- that both the northern bastions with their comparatively unusual conception can be attributed
to Lynar.
- that the "Lynarplan" also shows a residential building behind the western defences for the
use of the Elector of Brandenburg, but which was never actually constructed, along with a
barracks on the northern defences.
In the second part of this work comparisons with other constructions of the same period should
make clear that the citadel exhibited on the one hand the latest developments in military tech-
nology, but that on the other hand the retention of the older castle and its planned completion
with a residential wing showed the continuation of the tradition of the mediaeval feudal Castle.
There is an attempt to depict the State of social development in Brandenburg in the sixteenth
Century that brought about the construction of such an enormous, highly modern though tra-
ditionally based complex at Spandau.
/
In the two appendices the most important written sources regarding the development of the
citadel in the sixteenth Century, and the most important plans are listed and briefly commented
upon.
(Übersetzung: Tim Williams)
- 78 -