Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Appendixes and index (Cambridge, 1925)

1038

Appendix G

and Darmstadt 1840 ii. 347, 1842 iv. 250, W. Robertson Smith in T. K. Cheyne
—J. S. Black Encyclopedia Biblica London 1899 i. 942 n. 9, R. Eisler Weltenmantel
und Himmelszelt Miinchen 1910 ii. 440 n. 6). (iii) Sanchouniathon in Philon
"Bybl.frag. 2. 1 f. {Frag. hist. Gr. iii. 565 Midler) op. Euseb. praep. ev. 1. 10. 1 f.
tt)v ra>v oXaiv dpxrjv inroriderai ae pa £o(fia>8r) kol tt v ev par a>8rj, fj Tvvorjv depos £o(fia>8ovs,
Kal ^ao? doXepov, epe[3a>8es • ravra 8e elvai arreipa, Kal 8id 7roXvv alaiva pr) exelv rrepas.
''ore 8e,' (firjcrlv, cr)pdo-6r] ro irvevpa rS>v I8la>v dpxa>v, Kal eyevero crvyKpacris, rj ttXokt]
ineivr) eKXrjdr) noOos. avrr] 8e dpx*) Krlo~ea>s arravratv. avro 8e ovk eylvaiarKe rr)v avrov
ktIctiv ■ Kal e'/c rrjs avrov o~vp7rXoKr)s rov irvevparos eyevero Mcor- rovr6 rives (pacrtv
IXvv, ol 8e v8ara>8ovs pl^eais arj-^nv. Kal eK ravrr/s eyevero Tracra cnropd Krlaecos (cat
yeveats ra>v oXcov. r)v 8e riva C<pa ^XOVTa dlo-Qrjcriv, g£ a>v eyevero £coa voepd,

Kal eK.Xr)6rj Zaxfiacrrip.lv {Za>(fiiarjpdv cod. H.), rovr' eo-riv ovpavov KaroTrrai. koI
dveTrXdaOr) opolais a>ov trypan. Kal e^eXap\j/e Mcor rjXios re Kal aeXrjvr) darepes re Kal
darpa peydXa.' Mar is another conundrum, of which very various interpretations
have been given (W. Drexler in Roscher Lex. Myth. ii. 3222 f.). F. C. Movers
Die Phonizier Berlin 1841 i. 136 equated it with the Egyptian Moid, ' Mother'
(Plout. de Is. et Os. 56 : see further Stephanus Thes.Gr. Ling. v. 1219 c—d).
H. Ewald loc. cit. v. 30 connected it with the Arabic mddda, ' stuff, matter.'
W. W. Baudissin Studien zur semitischen Religionsgeschichte Leipzig 1876 i.
11 f., 195 supposes ID — ^ 'water' ; and Sir G. Maspero The Struggle of the
Nations London 1896 p. 168 n. 1 likewise says : ' Mot... is probably a Phoenician
form of a word which means water in the Semitic languages (Roth, Geschichte
unserer abe?idlandischen Philosophic, vol. i. p. 251 ; schroder, Die Pho7tizische
Sprache, p. 133).' C. C. J. von Bunsen Aegyptens Stelle in der Weltgeschichte
Gotha 1857 v. 3. 257 n. 25 would correct Mcor to Ma>x = p£> 'mud.' J. Halevy
' Les principes cosmogoniques ph^niciens ttoOos et pa>r' in the Melanges Graux
Paris 1884 p. 59 f. assumes haplography eyevero [TO]MQT and takes To/xcor to be
a Phoenician Tehomot formed with the feminine ending from the Hebrew Tehom,
' deep,' thus obtaining a Phoenician equivalent of the Babylonian Tiamat.
R. Eisler Weltenmantel und Himmelszelt Miinchen 1910 ii. 440 n. 6 is content
with the old (Stephanus Thes. Gr. Li?ig. v. 1219 d) transcription Mcbr = niD
mavet, 'death.' Mr N. McLean, who has kindly considered the matter for me,
inclines (Sept. 13, 1916) to think that pO [mak\ 'rottenness,' might have an
infinitival form pb {mok), which would be represented by M<ok (not Mu>x, as
Bunsen proposed). He further notes that Zoocpao-rjplv is a fairly correct trans-
literation of D'tDK' ''SIV {sop he samayim), 'observers of heaven.' The three versions
of the Phoenician cosmogony may be set out as follows :

eudemos

Xpovos
Tlodos = 'OplxXrj

'Ar/p = Avpa
I

? Mairos

(6) The Cosmogonic Eros.

It will be observed that in several respects the Indian and the Phoenician
cosmogonies recall Orphic speculation. In particular, they assign the same

mochos

" Avepos
Ai\|/- NfJros
or Al6r)p = 'Ar)p

OvXaipos

Xoucrcopds

Ovpavos-*- ( 'Qov J-*- Trj

Sanchouniathon

'At)p £o(pa>8ris Kal= Xdos doXepov,
7rvevp.ara>8r]s epe(3a>8es
{ILodos)

Mcor

Za>(fiao-r]p.lv