DOI Artikel:
Bodzek, Jarosław; Madyda-Legutko, Renata: Coins of the rulers of Cimmerian Bosporus found in Poland
DOI Seite / Zitierlink:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.49247#0079
COINS OF THE RULERS OF CIMMERIAN BOSPORUS FOUND IN POLAND
phase B1 of the Early Roman Period. These are finds from a Przeworsk cemetery in
Zadowice, Kalisz District,132 and a Wielbark cemetery in Leśno, Chojnice District.133
Another scarab, with a later chronological position, was discovered at a cemetery of
the Luboszyce culture in Sadzarzewice, Krosno Odrzańskie District, in a burial dated
to the turn of the Early Roman Period and the Younger Roman Period.134 Scarabs
from the three sites mentioned here correspond to artifacts of this type known from
the northern coast of the Black Sea (type 50c, according to Alekseeva), which appear
as of the 1st century BC to the 2nd century AD and mostly in the 1st century AD.135
They often appear in the Sarmatian environment, also appearing in necklaces
together with beads.136 According to J. Śliwa, they could have arrived in the lands
of Poland by way of other routes - for example, by way of the Amber Road.137
Sometimes, the presence of symbols on the inlaid heads of pole weapons are
cited as evidence that the warriors of the peoples of the Przeworsk culture were
in contact with the Sarmatian world during the mature phase of the Early Roman
Period (phase B2b) and in the early phase of the Younger Roman Period (phase C1 a)
- above all, signs with a double-ended fork corresponding to certain Sarmatian
tamgas, especially ones that were similar to the tamgas of Pharsoes, the chief of the
Sarmatians.138 However, there was great variety in the inlaid symbols on the heads
of the pole weapons that were used on the lands of the Przeworsk culture, and it is
certainly the case that their contents can only be associated with the influence of the
Sarmatians to a certain degree.139 It may be that the three-winged iron arrowheads
discovered at the burial grounds in Grzybów, Staszów District, in the part of the
necropolis dated from the mature phase of the Early Roman Period (phase B2) to
the mature phase of the Younger Roman Period (phase C2)140 should be regarded
as Sarmatian in origin.141 However, they correspond to the arrowheads used in the
132 Burial 95 (two artifacts, heavily damaged) (ABRAMOWICZ and LEPÓWNA 1957: 27,28, tab. XVIII: 8;
ABRAMOWICZ 1957: 260, tab. XL1V: 8; RASZEWSKA 1984: 39, 89, 90, fig. 69; ŚLIWA 1992: 41, figs. 1, 2;
WALENTA 1992: 175-176).
133 Burial 29 (a scarab covered with a green glaze); this grave also contained a silver Celtic coin struck on
the lands ofthc Kalisz settlement cluster (WALENTA 1992: 174, tab. I: 3; IDEM 2009: 44, 72, tab. CXIV; ŚLIWA
1992: 42, fig. 3).
134 JENTSCH 1897: 169-170; WALENTA 1992: 176; ŚLIWA 1992: 42, fig. 4.
135 ALEKSEEVA 1975: 42, tab. 10.
136GROSU 1990.
137 ŚLIWA 1992: 44 45.
138 SHCHUKIN 1994: 486, fig. 1; DOBRZAŃSKA 1999: 82-83, figs. 4a-c; VORONYATOV and
MACH1NSKII 2010: 57-77, figs. 2-3, figs. 5-6.
139 Cf. KACZANOWSKI 1988: 51 -57; HACHMANN 1993: 373-393.
140 GARBACZ 2000: 121-122, tab. LXX1: 1-16.
141 DOBRZAŃSKA 1999: 83, 85.
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phase B1 of the Early Roman Period. These are finds from a Przeworsk cemetery in
Zadowice, Kalisz District,132 and a Wielbark cemetery in Leśno, Chojnice District.133
Another scarab, with a later chronological position, was discovered at a cemetery of
the Luboszyce culture in Sadzarzewice, Krosno Odrzańskie District, in a burial dated
to the turn of the Early Roman Period and the Younger Roman Period.134 Scarabs
from the three sites mentioned here correspond to artifacts of this type known from
the northern coast of the Black Sea (type 50c, according to Alekseeva), which appear
as of the 1st century BC to the 2nd century AD and mostly in the 1st century AD.135
They often appear in the Sarmatian environment, also appearing in necklaces
together with beads.136 According to J. Śliwa, they could have arrived in the lands
of Poland by way of other routes - for example, by way of the Amber Road.137
Sometimes, the presence of symbols on the inlaid heads of pole weapons are
cited as evidence that the warriors of the peoples of the Przeworsk culture were
in contact with the Sarmatian world during the mature phase of the Early Roman
Period (phase B2b) and in the early phase of the Younger Roman Period (phase C1 a)
- above all, signs with a double-ended fork corresponding to certain Sarmatian
tamgas, especially ones that were similar to the tamgas of Pharsoes, the chief of the
Sarmatians.138 However, there was great variety in the inlaid symbols on the heads
of the pole weapons that were used on the lands of the Przeworsk culture, and it is
certainly the case that their contents can only be associated with the influence of the
Sarmatians to a certain degree.139 It may be that the three-winged iron arrowheads
discovered at the burial grounds in Grzybów, Staszów District, in the part of the
necropolis dated from the mature phase of the Early Roman Period (phase B2) to
the mature phase of the Younger Roman Period (phase C2)140 should be regarded
as Sarmatian in origin.141 However, they correspond to the arrowheads used in the
132 Burial 95 (two artifacts, heavily damaged) (ABRAMOWICZ and LEPÓWNA 1957: 27,28, tab. XVIII: 8;
ABRAMOWICZ 1957: 260, tab. XL1V: 8; RASZEWSKA 1984: 39, 89, 90, fig. 69; ŚLIWA 1992: 41, figs. 1, 2;
WALENTA 1992: 175-176).
133 Burial 29 (a scarab covered with a green glaze); this grave also contained a silver Celtic coin struck on
the lands ofthc Kalisz settlement cluster (WALENTA 1992: 174, tab. I: 3; IDEM 2009: 44, 72, tab. CXIV; ŚLIWA
1992: 42, fig. 3).
134 JENTSCH 1897: 169-170; WALENTA 1992: 176; ŚLIWA 1992: 42, fig. 4.
135 ALEKSEEVA 1975: 42, tab. 10.
136GROSU 1990.
137 ŚLIWA 1992: 44 45.
138 SHCHUKIN 1994: 486, fig. 1; DOBRZAŃSKA 1999: 82-83, figs. 4a-c; VORONYATOV and
MACH1NSKII 2010: 57-77, figs. 2-3, figs. 5-6.
139 Cf. KACZANOWSKI 1988: 51 -57; HACHMANN 1993: 373-393.
140 GARBACZ 2000: 121-122, tab. LXX1: 1-16.
141 DOBRZAŃSKA 1999: 83, 85.
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