Tools & tillage: a journal on the history of the implements of cultivation and other agricultural processes (2.1972/1975)

216

P. J. CLAUS & S. LINTNER

Fig. 3. Plowing at the very beginning of monsoon season (probably 3rd time for season). In the back-
ground are terraces and bunds.


Pfliigen gerade zu Beginn der Monsunzeit (vermutlich zum 3. Mai in der Saison). Im Hintergrund Ter-
rassen und Kais.

3. Plants - numerous varieties of domestic rice,
vegetables, fruits
4. Humans - owners, tenants, laborers, and
craftsmen
5. Animals - plow animals, chickens, pets (pro-
tection)
6. Habitation sites - human and animal living
sites, storage and threshing sites
7. Animals and plants - those not consciously
utilized, fish, fruits and tubers.

Three crops, three subsystems
At maximum efficiency the eco-system of this
area is in fact an interlocking set of three sub-
systems, each geared to climatic or seasonal
changes in the environment (see fig. 2). The
first crop (June to October) is associated with
the monsoon rains. For this crop there is a
unique relationship of the variables discussed
above which differs from both that of the second
crop grown at the beginning of the dry season