Ars: časopis Ústavu Dejín Umenia Slovenskej Akadémie Vied (43.2010)

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at Lobor. It is, according to the invesdgator, related
to Carolingian architecture in wood from Bavaria,
and, in terms of its rectilinear forms, also to some
examples of Carolingian period architecture in stone,
in particular in the border régions, such as the neigh-
boring Slovenia, as demonstrated by StoparA
Is it possible to dehne the ways the "Carolingian
westwork" reached Croada more precisely? The hrst
preserved written document of a Croatian ruler, is-
sued by Duke Trpimir at Bijači, is dated to the times
of Lothair I, the King of Franks (r. 840 — 845). After
the Treaty of Verdun and the division of the Empire,
Tothair I became the hrst ruler of Francia Media.
As Croada was subject to the Patriarch of Aquileia
and the marchgraves of Furlania, one would expect
impulses to come from northern Italy. But where
do we hnd the idea of a Carolingian westwork in
northern Italy? Northern Italy certainly possesses
architecture of Carolingian dmes, but without those
most prominent, innovadve features. It fails as a pos-
sible source of Croadan westworksA
One might argue that in Croada a local Caroling-
ian type was formed by the second half of the 9*

Please see notes 18,19, and 22; also FILIPEC, K.: vlrAVvèc-
ywzýřJTM wApi? .iwAA Boýř (AnA % EAiw. Zagreb
2008, kg. 21.

Century, on the basis of earlier experiments. These
themselves were based on an interplay of what was
brought in by Frankish missionaries, what the rulers
themselves learned about "rulers' churches", or what
they and their companions saw by themselves while
visidng the centers of the Empire, and on how ail this
was absorbed by the local tradidon steeped in rich
Roman and Early Chrisdan legacy. If we compare the
developed Croadan westwork of the later 9* Century
to anything within the Empire, we will hnd limited
analogies, the closest being, apparendy, around the
very center of the Empire — at Steinbach or Inden,
or, in a more monumental form, at Corvey, i.e., a fa-
çade with an emphasis on a single tower and a central
protrusion. The problém with Steinbach and Inden
is that their apparendy more modest height does
not correspond to what we hnd in Croada, whereas
Corvey is much too monumental and complex. Still,
this reinforces the idea that the Croadan dukes and
their entourage visidng Carolingian state gatherings
learned by autopsy what was "right" for them, and
continued doing the same after they severed all
polidcal des with the Empire in 870s. Croadan early
^ KOSTRENČIČ, M. (ed.): (VAx rřgA CrM/zA
DATM&K? Vol. 1. Zagreb 1967, pp. 3-8.

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