Rocznik Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie (10.1966)

Mapiiii: pa3roBop Ebm c naflaiHM aHreiroM npHHec fructus mortis, a pa3roBop Mapmi c raBpHHnoM —■
fructus vitae. IIc3T0My Mapna, HacTO cpaBHHBajiacŁ c lignum vitae, idiohom KOToporo hbhjtch Xphctoc.

B HaŁtHOHajibHOM My3ee b BapniaBe HMeeTcn opHrHHajibHbiii b HKOHorpadpiraecKOM oTHorueHHH naiwHTHHK
CHJie3CKoił CKyjibnTypbi OTHOCHmeiicH K 1460/70 rr. — aepeBHHHbiii Gapejrbedp c H3o6pa>KeHHeM cueHbi
BjiaroBemeHHH, HaxoHHBiUHHca npe>Kae b KOCTeue cb. EnH3aBeTbi bo BpoiylaBe. Ha stoh cnene BbicTynaeT
mothb, B3HTbiii H3 nereHflbi o CeTe : pe6eHOK Ha JBpeBe >kh3hh.

Ha anHTatjDHH M. JIecb(pejibxojrbn, (yM. b 1448 rojjy) H3 co6opa cb. Ce6ajib.ua b HiopHSepre Haxo/xhtch
Tanwe cuebia EjiaroBemeHiiH, nponcxo;iHinaH y JJjpeBa >kh3hh, HMeromero 3jxecb Mpe3BbraaiłH0 cno>KHoe 3Ha-
^emie. Oho CHMBOJiH3HpyeT, TaioKe KaK h b Boiiee paHHHX nHCbMeHHbix HCTOHHHKax, npe>Kfle Bcero Tponuy
h nosTOMy H3 ero cTBOJia BbipacTaiOT tph BeiBH, a Tpw aHrena Hafl Kawc/roJi H3 hhx no/wepH<HBaiOT jiem-bi
c jiHTyprmecKHMH TencTaMH (introitus in festo sanctissimae Trinitatis). HaH nojjpe3aHHoii BeTBbio,
pacnojio>KeHHOii nocpejrHHe, OTBe^aWŁueH BTopoiwy jiHiry TponuM, noMemeH (H3BecTHbiii H3 nerenflbi o CeTe)
MjiafleKeu,, orrHaKO, b jraHHOM cny^ae ero noflflep>KHBaeT Bor OTeii, noKa3biBaromHiic>i b o6jiaKax. HfleHHoe
3HaHenHe 3Toro MOTHBa cdpopMyimpoBaji y>Ke EcbpeM Chphhckhh3 cpaBHHBaa Mapnio c arbor aeterni Patris:
insevit enim velut in arbore ramum in Maria Filium cum ex ipsa carnem sumere voluit.

3Ta MeTacbopa no/rpa3yMeBaeT Bora OTHa, kotopmh flepeBy t. e. Mapun npnBHJi (insevit) BeTBb t. e. cBoero
cbraa b MOMeHT EnaroBemeHHH. <3>aKT, *rro 3Ta Hflejł 6bina n3BecTHa b cpejiHeBeKOBbe, nojxTBep>KaaeT He-
o6braaHHO nonyjiHpHan b to Bpeiwn Biblia Pauperum. O cbh3h ynoMHHyToił snirracpHH c Biblia Pauperum cbh-
fleTejibCTByeT BKJiiOHeHHe b cueHy EjiaroBemeHHH flByx mothbob, KOTopbie HaxorjHM b Biblia Pauperum b Ka-
MecTBe KOMMeHTapnH k cueHe Po«flecTBa, yKa3bmaiomnx Ha fleBCTBennocTb MapHH: 1) Has njiaMeHetomHM
KycTOM MoHcen nojiycbiłrypa c Haflnucbjo: et nobis agnocit contra guae fecimus, 2) Hajj pacuBeTaiomeH
po3roii AapoHa nonycburypa c Harnracbio, noBTopaiomeii c HeKOTOpMMH H3MeneHHHMH Tei<cT H3 Biblia
Pauperum: Haec contra morem producit virgula florem.

Pa3BHraeM chmbojihkh MJia/t,eHn,a na JEpeBe >kh3hh — Xp«CTa CnacHTejra, HBJiHeTCH cneHa., H3o6pa-
wceHHaH na rpaBiope Ha aepeBe., noMemeHHoił b TpaKTaTe H3 YjibMa: „Geistliche Auslegung des Lebsns Jesu
Christi". Hhkji H3o6paH<eHHH cneH H3 jkikhh XpncTa 3aMbii<aeT 3,n,ecb H3o6pa>KeHne XpHcra yflpyneHHoro,
cHflRmero Ha jrepeBe. TencT TpaKTaTa, OTuocamniica k stoh cueHe3 cjreflyioiiiiiił: Steig auf den balmen des
cruczes durch Mitleidung, Nachfolgung, und ewiges Gedachtnis, dass du seine allerzusseste Frucht werdest
begreifen. 3Ta Ha#nncb Bbmci-meT TaKHM o6pa30M3 ^to Ha JEpeBe >KH3HH-KpecTe HaxoflnTCH ero nnofl — Xpn-
ctoc CnacHTejib.

Bo3HHKaioT flBa Bonpoca: no^eaiy sto cHMBommecKoe H3o6pa>Kenne no,wem;eHO Kai< 3aBeprueHHe uni-cna
h noHeMy Xphctoc H3o6pa>KeH i<ai< XpHCTOC yflpyiieHHbiii ? Otbctbi Ha sth BOnpocbi HaxóHHM b TpaKTaTe
IlHHflepa „Speculum passionis", rfle coflep>KaTCH B3mHflbi HaH6onee Bbmaiom.iixcH cpefltieBeKOBbix aBTopoB'.
Hic ponunt doctores aliąuas rationes per modum epylogi corum quae dicta sunt de passione domini silicet
quare cristus tot et tanta passus sit pro nobis...

HiiTHpyeMbiH TeKCT nnHflepa BbiHCHHeT TaK>Ke, no^emy ^[ropep, H3o6pa>KaH CTpacTH FocnofliiH, b Hawanę
itHKJia (per modum prologi) noiwecraji Tristitia Christi.

Ha rpaBiope H3 YnbMa flpeBO >kii3hh pacTeT Ha nonę mneHHUbi. CnMBOJiił^iecKoe 3HaMeHHe uenoii 3toh
KOMno3HqnH BbiacHHior cjieręyiomne tckctm: Maria (est) ager in quo bonum est miditari, sicut faciebat Ule
sanctus patriarcha Isaac. Maria (est) ager propte foecunditatem, in quem exiit Isaacmeditari.

Rjjfi npo6jiejviaTHi<H, cBH3aHHoii co cTpacTHMH XpHCTa, HaH6onee Ba>KHbiM npoo5pa30M XpncTa HBJiaeTca
HcaaK. noflTBepHCfljHneM Mbicnu: ibi immolatus Isaac ubi postea Christus crucifixus est hbjihk>tc« nonyiiHp-
HŁie b XV BeKe H3o6pan<eHHH cueHbi nepefl pacnHTHeiw — Xphctoc yflpyMeHHbiii, cnflam;hh Ha Kpecre. 3toh
crieHe cooTBeTCTByer anH3oa apaAibi „ Ludus de creatione mundi": Et exeunt ei tunicam et Salvator sedens
super crucem cantat: Popule mas, quid feci tibi aut in quo contristavi te, responde mihi.

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