DOI Heft:
Czebreszuk, Janusz; Kryvalcevič, Mikola: Miedziana siekiera z miejscowości Azierszczyna, rejon Rieczyca, obwód Homel, na Białorusi. Z badań nad początkami metalurgii nad górnym Dnieprem
DOI Seite / Zitierlink: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.26514#0239
Miedziana siekiera z miejscowości Azierszczina, rejon Rieczyca, obwód Homel, na Białorusi.
Z badań nad początkami metalurgii nad górnym Dnieprem_
235
Bibliografia
BblHKOB H.B.
1981 Omnem o none3UX uccnedoeaHunx e 1981 e. Apxiy
apxea/iarfiiHan naByKOBan flaicyMeHTapbii iHCTbiTyTa
ricTopbii HAH Be/iapyci (Apx. Ne 842). Mmhck.
1982 Omnem o noneeux uccnedoeanuHX e 1982 e.
Apxiy apxea^ariMHaw naByKOBaft flaKyMeHTaijbii
IncTbiTyTa ricTopwi HAH Be/iapyci (Apx. NQ 843).
Mmhck.
BpMra/iaBMHeHe 3., Mhpkhbmhioc A.
1980 /jpeeneuiuue uemannunecKue u3denun e Jlumee (II-
I mbicnnenemun do H.3.). BM/ibmoc.
3aMKoycKi 3.M., IfbipKynoBa B.A.
1996 MeTa/iiHHbiH npbi/iaflbi 6poH3aBara BeKy
U,3HTpa;ibHaM i IlayHOHHaM Be/iapyci. ricmapbiHHa-
apxeanaeinnu 3ÓopHiK 9: 57-60.
McaeHKO B.<t>.
1976 ApxeonoeunecKan Kapma Eenopyccuu. Bbin.3.
EpOH30BbIM BCK. MmHCK.
KaneHMu; E.B
1987 FlaMfimnuKu KaMennoeo u 6pOH3oeoeo eeKoe
Bocmonnou Eenopyccuu. Mmhck.
K/iohko B.I.
2006 03ĆpoeuHH ma eiucbKoea cnpaea daenboeo nacenenuH
ykpamu (5000 - 900 pp. do P.X.). Kmcb.
KpbiBa/ibupBiH M.M.
2006 Hpaó/ieMbi nepbiHflbi3au,bii i xpaHa/iorii anoxi
6poH3bi Ha TapbiTopbii HayflHCBaM Beaapyci.
ricmapbmHa-apxeanaeinHbi 36opuiK 22: 39-52.
KpbiBaabu,3Biu M.M., BbiHKoy M.Y.
1996 llpbióapcKm KypraHHbm Mori/ibHiKi 3noxi 6poH3bi.
ricmapbmHa-apxeanazinHbi 3ÓopuiK 9: 61-76.
JlOHieHKOB M.M.
2011 ropoduuĄa MunoepadcKou Kynbmypbi na meppumopuu
Eenapycu. Mmhck.
JlnBflaHCKMM A.H.
1927 HeKomopue dannue u KaMenuoM eeK u Kymmype
6poH3oeou anoxu e CuoneHCKOu eyóepnuu
(omdenbHbiu ommucK U3 Haynubix u3eecmuu
Cmomhckozo Toc. ynueepcumema, m. IV, eun. 3).
Cmo/ichck.
na/iiKapnoBiu K.M.
1928 floc/ie^bi KyjibTyp KaMermara i 6poH3aBara
nepbmflay Ba Ycxoahhm Benapyci. W: 3anicid add3ena
eyM.aH.imapH.bix naeyK 5. npaąu tcacpedpu apxeanoeii
1: 263-274. MIhck.
1930 3HaxaflKi npbmafl 6poH3aBara nspbiony y BCCP.
W: 3anicKi add3eny eyMammapHbix naeyK 2. Tlpaąu
apxeanaeinnau KaMicii 2: 519-520. MincK.
1947 BbmiKi apxea7iariHHbix flac/ieflaBaHiiay na Beaapyci
nac/ui KacTpbiHHiu,KaM cai^bin/iicTbiMnaM psBaaioubii.
W: Becu,i AH ECCP, Cepbin eicmapunnan 1: 53-74.
Tepenc»KKMH A.M.
1961 npedcKucficKuu nepuod na JJnenpoecKOM
npaeoóepencbe. Kmcb.
Hepnbix E.H.
1976 ffpeenmi MemannooópaóomKa na K)eo-3anade
CCCP. MocKBa.
Dąbrowski J.
1968 Zabytki metalowe epoki brązu między dolną Wisłą a
Niemnem. Wrocław.
1972 Powiązania ziem polskich z terenami wschodnimi w
epoce brązu. Wrocław.
1997 Epoka brązu w północno-wschodniej Polsce. Białystok.
Engel C.
1935 Vorgechichte der altpreufiischen Stdmme, B. I. Kónigs-
berg.
Harding A.
2000 European Societies in the Bronze Age. Cambridge.
Kloci-iko V.I.
2001 Weaponry of Societies of the Northern Pontic Cultu-
re Circle: 5000-700 BC. Baltic-Pontic Studies 10. Po-
znań.
Kuśnierz J.
1998 Die Beile in Polen III. Prahistorische Bronzefunde
IX.21. Stuttgart.
Śturms E.
1938 Die Entstehung einer ostbaltischen Tiillenbeilforme.
Elbinger Jahrbuch 15: 54-56.
A copper axe from Azyershchina, region
Ryechitsa, district Hommel, in Belarus.
From research on the beginning of me-
tallurgy on the upper Dnieper
Summary
The axe presented in the paper is an isolated find discov-
ered in 2008. It came to the surface during drainage works on
the terrace at the mouth of the Vyedrich river, a right-bank trib-
utary of the Dnieper.
In typological terms, it is a tool of the shaft-hole group
widely known in the European Bronze Age. The Azyershchina
axe, however, carries a number of specific features which make
it difficult to find their unequivocal analogies. Similar, though
not analogous, artefacts come from vast territories cover-
ing not only the drainage basin of the Dnieper but also the
swathes of land along the Baltic Sea and the drainage basin
of the middle Dnieper, and even the regions on the Dniester.
Ihe finds from the Baltic zonę alike the Azyershchina speci-
men, numbered among the so-called shaft-hole Baltic axes of
Littausdorf, Szyli na Mała and Giżycko types, are particularly
abundant. They are all morę or less closely dated to the 5th
H(B2) or 4th H(A2) H(B1) period of the Bronze Age. Another
Baltic zonę type showing formal similarities with the Azyersh-
china artefacl is the Skandawa type, though the latter s dating
falls mainly in the 6th Bronze Age period. Later still - Hallstatt
Al and A2 - is the chronology of shaft-hole axes known from
the middle Dnieper and from the Dniester described as shaft-
hole axes of the Czarnolas type.
The preserved remains of an ashwood shaft in the cone al-
lowed to provide the Azyershchina artefact with its own car-
bon dating: Poz-36252, 2755 ±35 BP (68,2% - 926-840 cal BC;
Z badań nad początkami metalurgii nad górnym Dnieprem_
235
Bibliografia
BblHKOB H.B.
1981 Omnem o none3UX uccnedoeaHunx e 1981 e. Apxiy
apxea/iarfiiHan naByKOBan flaicyMeHTapbii iHCTbiTyTa
ricTopbii HAH Be/iapyci (Apx. Ne 842). Mmhck.
1982 Omnem o noneeux uccnedoeanuHX e 1982 e.
Apxiy apxea^ariMHaw naByKOBaft flaKyMeHTaijbii
IncTbiTyTa ricTopwi HAH Be/iapyci (Apx. NQ 843).
Mmhck.
BpMra/iaBMHeHe 3., Mhpkhbmhioc A.
1980 /jpeeneuiuue uemannunecKue u3denun e Jlumee (II-
I mbicnnenemun do H.3.). BM/ibmoc.
3aMKoycKi 3.M., IfbipKynoBa B.A.
1996 MeTa/iiHHbiH npbi/iaflbi 6poH3aBara BeKy
U,3HTpa;ibHaM i IlayHOHHaM Be/iapyci. ricmapbiHHa-
apxeanaeinnu 3ÓopHiK 9: 57-60.
McaeHKO B.<t>.
1976 ApxeonoeunecKan Kapma Eenopyccuu. Bbin.3.
EpOH30BbIM BCK. MmHCK.
KaneHMu; E.B
1987 FlaMfimnuKu KaMennoeo u 6pOH3oeoeo eeKoe
Bocmonnou Eenopyccuu. Mmhck.
K/iohko B.I.
2006 03ĆpoeuHH ma eiucbKoea cnpaea daenboeo nacenenuH
ykpamu (5000 - 900 pp. do P.X.). Kmcb.
KpbiBa/ibupBiH M.M.
2006 Hpaó/ieMbi nepbiHflbi3au,bii i xpaHa/iorii anoxi
6poH3bi Ha TapbiTopbii HayflHCBaM Beaapyci.
ricmapbmHa-apxeanaeinHbi 36opuiK 22: 39-52.
KpbiBaabu,3Biu M.M., BbiHKoy M.Y.
1996 llpbióapcKm KypraHHbm Mori/ibHiKi 3noxi 6poH3bi.
ricmapbmHa-apxeanazinHbi 3ÓopuiK 9: 61-76.
JlOHieHKOB M.M.
2011 ropoduuĄa MunoepadcKou Kynbmypbi na meppumopuu
Eenapycu. Mmhck.
JlnBflaHCKMM A.H.
1927 HeKomopue dannue u KaMenuoM eeK u Kymmype
6poH3oeou anoxu e CuoneHCKOu eyóepnuu
(omdenbHbiu ommucK U3 Haynubix u3eecmuu
Cmomhckozo Toc. ynueepcumema, m. IV, eun. 3).
Cmo/ichck.
na/iiKapnoBiu K.M.
1928 floc/ie^bi KyjibTyp KaMermara i 6poH3aBara
nepbmflay Ba Ycxoahhm Benapyci. W: 3anicid add3ena
eyM.aH.imapH.bix naeyK 5. npaąu tcacpedpu apxeanoeii
1: 263-274. MIhck.
1930 3HaxaflKi npbmafl 6poH3aBara nspbiony y BCCP.
W: 3anicKi add3eny eyMammapHbix naeyK 2. Tlpaąu
apxeanaeinnau KaMicii 2: 519-520. MincK.
1947 BbmiKi apxea7iariHHbix flac/ieflaBaHiiay na Beaapyci
nac/ui KacTpbiHHiu,KaM cai^bin/iicTbiMnaM psBaaioubii.
W: Becu,i AH ECCP, Cepbin eicmapunnan 1: 53-74.
Tepenc»KKMH A.M.
1961 npedcKucficKuu nepuod na JJnenpoecKOM
npaeoóepencbe. Kmcb.
Hepnbix E.H.
1976 ffpeenmi MemannooópaóomKa na K)eo-3anade
CCCP. MocKBa.
Dąbrowski J.
1968 Zabytki metalowe epoki brązu między dolną Wisłą a
Niemnem. Wrocław.
1972 Powiązania ziem polskich z terenami wschodnimi w
epoce brązu. Wrocław.
1997 Epoka brązu w północno-wschodniej Polsce. Białystok.
Engel C.
1935 Vorgechichte der altpreufiischen Stdmme, B. I. Kónigs-
berg.
Harding A.
2000 European Societies in the Bronze Age. Cambridge.
Kloci-iko V.I.
2001 Weaponry of Societies of the Northern Pontic Cultu-
re Circle: 5000-700 BC. Baltic-Pontic Studies 10. Po-
znań.
Kuśnierz J.
1998 Die Beile in Polen III. Prahistorische Bronzefunde
IX.21. Stuttgart.
Śturms E.
1938 Die Entstehung einer ostbaltischen Tiillenbeilforme.
Elbinger Jahrbuch 15: 54-56.
A copper axe from Azyershchina, region
Ryechitsa, district Hommel, in Belarus.
From research on the beginning of me-
tallurgy on the upper Dnieper
Summary
The axe presented in the paper is an isolated find discov-
ered in 2008. It came to the surface during drainage works on
the terrace at the mouth of the Vyedrich river, a right-bank trib-
utary of the Dnieper.
In typological terms, it is a tool of the shaft-hole group
widely known in the European Bronze Age. The Azyershchina
axe, however, carries a number of specific features which make
it difficult to find their unequivocal analogies. Similar, though
not analogous, artefacts come from vast territories cover-
ing not only the drainage basin of the Dnieper but also the
swathes of land along the Baltic Sea and the drainage basin
of the middle Dnieper, and even the regions on the Dniester.
Ihe finds from the Baltic zonę alike the Azyershchina speci-
men, numbered among the so-called shaft-hole Baltic axes of
Littausdorf, Szyli na Mała and Giżycko types, are particularly
abundant. They are all morę or less closely dated to the 5th
H(B2) or 4th H(A2) H(B1) period of the Bronze Age. Another
Baltic zonę type showing formal similarities with the Azyersh-
china artefacl is the Skandawa type, though the latter s dating
falls mainly in the 6th Bronze Age period. Later still - Hallstatt
Al and A2 - is the chronology of shaft-hole axes known from
the middle Dnieper and from the Dniester described as shaft-
hole axes of the Czarnolas type.
The preserved remains of an ashwood shaft in the cone al-
lowed to provide the Azyershchina artefact with its own car-
bon dating: Poz-36252, 2755 ±35 BP (68,2% - 926-840 cal BC;