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DOI article:Dobrzeniecki, Tadeusz: Sukcesywny i symultaniczny program narracji w gdańskim Tryptyku Jerozolimskim
DOI Page / Citation link:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.19642#0230
HcxoA*imaH H3 He HaHAeHHoro aiioKpuc^a, rAe penb rnjia o pa3roBope bohhob Hpona c nmenaMii o nynecHbiM
o6pa3oM Bbipocmnx b TeueHHe oAHoro ahh xne6ax (MHHHaTiopa Grandes Heures de Rohan). Hyno c 3epH0M
3to nepBoe nyno, coBepmeHHoe Xphctom, H3o6pan<eHHe KOToporo nan cenTejin kobcctho no oahoh MHHnaTiope,
noMemeHHon b HTajibHHCKon pyKonHcn ok. 1300 r.
y>Ke b V b. 3anaAHan U,epKOBb ynoMHHana o jinrypranecKH hcbhhhoh CMepTH BH(|)JieeMCKHx neTen, ko-
Topbie CBoen KpoBbio a^jm CBHACTejibCTBo XpHCTy. Hach 3Toro npa3AHHKa ncToJinoBaHa b ricajiMe 8, 3: ,,H3
vct MJiaAeHueB H rpyAHbix AeTen Tbi ycTpoHJi XBany, pann BparoB Tbohx, AaObi CAenaTb 6e3MOJiBHbiM Bpara
ii mcthtcjih”.
IdeHTpajibnan nacTb coctoht H3 Tpex rnaBHbix H3o6pan<eHHH. ^BeHaAnaTHJieTHiin XpncToc b HepycannM-
ckom xpaMe (xpaM HMeeT 3Aecb bha BocbMnyroJibHon nocTponKH oyAynn tohhoh HjunocTpannen nepHKona EBaH-
rejiHH ot Jlynii). 3Aecb BbipanceHa haca npHHaAJiencHocTH XpncTa Bory OTny, noTopyio oh oco3HaBaji, h 6o-
>KecTBeHHOH MyApocTH ero yneHHH. BbiuieyKa3aHHbie xpHCTOJiorHuecKHe hach Bbipa>KeHbi Ha HepycajinMcnoM
TpnnTiixe cornacHo 6oJiee paHHHM HTajibHHCKHM o6pa3paM (cneHa J^ncnyTa XpncTa Ha Oojiohckom nojninTHxe
1360—1370 rr., MHHiiaTiopbi KOAenca TpatHiaHa k TpaKTaTy ,,De Poenitentia”, Taninę k TpaKTaTy „Lectura
super Prima et Secunda Parte Infortiati”). PaccMaTpHBaeMbie H3o6pameHHH XpHCTa cpeAn yuHTejieił npn-
H3AJie>KaT k THny, rAe XpHCToc BocceAaeT Ha TpoHe cpeAM CJiymaiomHx ero, chahiuhx c Tpex CTopoH BOKpyr
armarium c koackc3mh. 3ia xapanTepHan cxeMa 6biJia o6b.eAMHeHa c apxHTeKTypon roTnnecnoro xpaMa bTo-
pyHbCKoM rioJiHnTHxe 1390 r., a oTAajieHHbiM oTronocKOM Tanon cneHepnn hbjihctch H3o6pa>KeHHe Ha Mapnan-
kom anTape BiiTa CToma b KpanoBe.
TeMoii cueHbi XpncToc H CaMapHHKa y HanoBjieBa nojioAUa, onncaHHOH eBaHrejincToM IioamioM, hbjihctch
6eceAa XpHCTa c caMapniicnon meHinHHOH. TeoJiornnecKHH cmmcji stoh OeceAbi 3anjnonaeTCH b caMooTnpo-
BeHHH XpncTa. XpncToc npeACTaeT nepeA CaMapHHKoii nan MeccHh nocpeACTBOM (JiopMyjibi Ego sum—
3to H.
B HCHBonHCHOM H3o6pa>KeHHH 3Toro coObiTHH ecTb TOJibKo oAHa ACTajib, oTjiiiHHaH ot TeKCTa EBaHreniiH —
yTpy>KACHHbiH AoporoH XpHCToc He cHAnT, a ctoiit y KOJioAUa. Xbhoc cxoactbo c TAaHbCKHM H3o6pa>KeHHeM
cueHbi oSiiapymilBaiOT Asa npoH3BeAeHHH, co3AaHHbie b HnnepJiaHAax — rpaBiopa Ha MeAH, ok. 1470 r. H3
co6paHHH Jl>KOHca b MiiHHeanoHHce, a Taione KapTHHa Rna Horna BaH Kaubnapa. 3aTo rpaBiopa Ha AepeBe,
npHHaAJie>KainaH k SoraToil b HKOHorpacJwnecKoM oTHomeHim xpncTOJiorHuecnoH cepHH, co3AaHHon b Mac-
TepcKoń Mnxa3HH BonbreMyTa, H3o6pamaeT Xpnera, ciiAHujero y KOJioAUa.
H3o6pameHHH, oToOpamaiomHe coObiTiln, npeAinecTByiomHe nySjinuHOMy nponoBeAbiBaHHio CBoero
yueHHH łlncycoM: I. KpeineHHe b Hopnane. rnaBHbiM jiHTepaTypiibiM hctohhhkom nnoHorpacJiHH XpncTa
hbjihiotch TencTbi eBaHrejiHcToB. 06pa3noM MomeT cnywHTb TencT eBaHremicTa Mapna (I, 9—11). Otbctom
Bora Ha MOJiHTBy Hncyca nocne KpemeHMH 6buia TeocJiaHHH b bhac Tpex momchtob: pa3Bep3aioiuerocH He6a,
comecTBHH cb. JIyxa H rnaca Bora. Kpememie XpHCTa nona3aHo conpameHHo noA U3o6pa>KeHHOH Ha nepBoM
nnaHe cpeHon c HncycoM h CaMapHHKoił y noJioAUa, b 3HauiiTeJibHo yMeHbmeHHOM MacurraSe: Hncyc ctoht
b HopnaHe, Ha 6epery HoaHH KpecTHTenb, ronySb 3HaMeHyeT comecTBiie cb. JXyxa Ha Hncyca.
JI,ajibHeHmHH aHajiH3 KacaeTCH H3o6pa>KeHHH TpoeKpaTHoro HcnymeHiin XpncTa. Hcnymemie (jiaT. ten-
tatio) Hncyca — b cbh3H c KpememieM u copoi<aAHeBHbiM nocTOM — onncaHo TpeMH eBaHrejincTaiwn — MaT-
(Jiee.M, MapKOM H Jlynon. 3to 6bino TaiiHCTBeHHoe coObmie b nycTbme (Quarantanna) — ałhboh b 3phmom
oSnHKe aHrena CBera oObhbhhch XpHCTy, htoGm rny6>Ke nocTHrHyTb TaiiHy ero jihhhocth, a Taninę, htoGw
oTroBopHTb ot noJiyueHHOH Xphctom bo BpeMH KpemeHHH miicciih Meccrni. Tpn 4ia3bi HCKymeHMH (b onepeA-
hocth, npHBeACHHon eBaHrejincTaMH) 3aKjnoua;incb b npHHyiKAeHHH XpncTa k 3JioynoTpeojieHHio ero chjioh
nan Meccnn: yTonuTb tojioa (KaMHH npeBpaTHTb b xne6), A3Tb bohio TmecnaBino H H3JiniHHeMy AOBepmo (6po-
CHTbCH c xpaMa), a Tanwe BJiacTomoOmo (3aHMeTb Bce papcTBa MHpa H cnaBy hx). Hncyc — btopoh, coBepmeH-
Hbin AnaM, He noAAaeTCH HCKymeHHHM n pemaeTCH Ha CBepmeHHe CBoeii MHccnn Meccnn b nocjiymaHnn
226
o6pa3oM Bbipocmnx b TeueHHe oAHoro ahh xne6ax (MHHHaTiopa Grandes Heures de Rohan). Hyno c 3epH0M
3to nepBoe nyno, coBepmeHHoe Xphctom, H3o6pan<eHHe KOToporo nan cenTejin kobcctho no oahoh MHHnaTiope,
noMemeHHon b HTajibHHCKon pyKonHcn ok. 1300 r.
y>Ke b V b. 3anaAHan U,epKOBb ynoMHHana o jinrypranecKH hcbhhhoh CMepTH BH(|)JieeMCKHx neTen, ko-
Topbie CBoen KpoBbio a^jm CBHACTejibCTBo XpHCTy. Hach 3Toro npa3AHHKa ncToJinoBaHa b ricajiMe 8, 3: ,,H3
vct MJiaAeHueB H rpyAHbix AeTen Tbi ycTpoHJi XBany, pann BparoB Tbohx, AaObi CAenaTb 6e3MOJiBHbiM Bpara
ii mcthtcjih”.
IdeHTpajibnan nacTb coctoht H3 Tpex rnaBHbix H3o6pan<eHHH. ^BeHaAnaTHJieTHiin XpncToc b HepycannM-
ckom xpaMe (xpaM HMeeT 3Aecb bha BocbMnyroJibHon nocTponKH oyAynn tohhoh HjunocTpannen nepHKona EBaH-
rejiHH ot Jlynii). 3Aecb BbipanceHa haca npHHaAJiencHocTH XpncTa Bory OTny, noTopyio oh oco3HaBaji, h 6o-
>KecTBeHHOH MyApocTH ero yneHHH. BbiuieyKa3aHHbie xpHCTOJiorHuecKHe hach Bbipa>KeHbi Ha HepycajinMcnoM
TpnnTiixe cornacHo 6oJiee paHHHM HTajibHHCKHM o6pa3paM (cneHa J^ncnyTa XpncTa Ha Oojiohckom nojninTHxe
1360—1370 rr., MHHiiaTiopbi KOAenca TpatHiaHa k TpaKTaTy ,,De Poenitentia”, Taninę k TpaKTaTy „Lectura
super Prima et Secunda Parte Infortiati”). PaccMaTpHBaeMbie H3o6pameHHH XpHCTa cpeAn yuHTejieił npn-
H3AJie>KaT k THny, rAe XpHCToc BocceAaeT Ha TpoHe cpeAM CJiymaiomHx ero, chahiuhx c Tpex CTopoH BOKpyr
armarium c koackc3mh. 3ia xapanTepHan cxeMa 6biJia o6b.eAMHeHa c apxHTeKTypon roTnnecnoro xpaMa bTo-
pyHbCKoM rioJiHnTHxe 1390 r., a oTAajieHHbiM oTronocKOM Tanon cneHepnn hbjihctch H3o6pa>KeHHe Ha Mapnan-
kom anTape BiiTa CToma b KpanoBe.
TeMoii cueHbi XpncToc H CaMapHHKa y HanoBjieBa nojioAUa, onncaHHOH eBaHrejincToM IioamioM, hbjihctch
6eceAa XpHCTa c caMapniicnon meHinHHOH. TeoJiornnecKHH cmmcji stoh OeceAbi 3anjnonaeTCH b caMooTnpo-
BeHHH XpncTa. XpncToc npeACTaeT nepeA CaMapHHKoii nan MeccHh nocpeACTBOM (JiopMyjibi Ego sum—
3to H.
B HCHBonHCHOM H3o6pa>KeHHH 3Toro coObiTHH ecTb TOJibKo oAHa ACTajib, oTjiiiHHaH ot TeKCTa EBaHreniiH —
yTpy>KACHHbiH AoporoH XpHCToc He cHAnT, a ctoiit y KOJioAUa. Xbhoc cxoactbo c TAaHbCKHM H3o6pa>KeHHeM
cueHbi oSiiapymilBaiOT Asa npoH3BeAeHHH, co3AaHHbie b HnnepJiaHAax — rpaBiopa Ha MeAH, ok. 1470 r. H3
co6paHHH Jl>KOHca b MiiHHeanoHHce, a Taione KapTHHa Rna Horna BaH Kaubnapa. 3aTo rpaBiopa Ha AepeBe,
npHHaAJie>KainaH k SoraToil b HKOHorpacJwnecKoM oTHomeHim xpncTOJiorHuecnoH cepHH, co3AaHHon b Mac-
TepcKoń Mnxa3HH BonbreMyTa, H3o6pamaeT Xpnera, ciiAHujero y KOJioAUa.
H3o6pameHHH, oToOpamaiomHe coObiTiln, npeAinecTByiomHe nySjinuHOMy nponoBeAbiBaHHio CBoero
yueHHH łlncycoM: I. KpeineHHe b Hopnane. rnaBHbiM jiHTepaTypiibiM hctohhhkom nnoHorpacJiHH XpncTa
hbjihiotch TencTbi eBaHrejiHcToB. 06pa3noM MomeT cnywHTb TencT eBaHremicTa Mapna (I, 9—11). Otbctom
Bora Ha MOJiHTBy Hncyca nocne KpemeHMH 6buia TeocJiaHHH b bhac Tpex momchtob: pa3Bep3aioiuerocH He6a,
comecTBHH cb. JIyxa H rnaca Bora. Kpememie XpHCTa nona3aHo conpameHHo noA U3o6pa>KeHHOH Ha nepBoM
nnaHe cpeHon c HncycoM h CaMapHHKoił y noJioAUa, b 3HauiiTeJibHo yMeHbmeHHOM MacurraSe: Hncyc ctoht
b HopnaHe, Ha 6epery HoaHH KpecTHTenb, ronySb 3HaMeHyeT comecTBiie cb. JXyxa Ha Hncyca.
JI,ajibHeHmHH aHajiH3 KacaeTCH H3o6pa>KeHHH TpoeKpaTHoro HcnymeHiin XpncTa. Hcnymemie (jiaT. ten-
tatio) Hncyca — b cbh3H c KpememieM u copoi<aAHeBHbiM nocTOM — onncaHo TpeMH eBaHrejincTaiwn — MaT-
(Jiee.M, MapKOM H Jlynon. 3to 6bino TaiiHCTBeHHoe coObmie b nycTbme (Quarantanna) — ałhboh b 3phmom
oSnHKe aHrena CBera oObhbhhch XpHCTy, htoGm rny6>Ke nocTHrHyTb TaiiHy ero jihhhocth, a Taninę, htoGw
oTroBopHTb ot noJiyueHHOH Xphctom bo BpeMH KpemeHHH miicciih Meccrni. Tpn 4ia3bi HCKymeHMH (b onepeA-
hocth, npHBeACHHon eBaHrejincTaMH) 3aKjnoua;incb b npHHyiKAeHHH XpncTa k 3JioynoTpeojieHHio ero chjioh
nan Meccnn: yTonuTb tojioa (KaMHH npeBpaTHTb b xne6), A3Tb bohio TmecnaBino H H3JiniHHeMy AOBepmo (6po-
CHTbCH c xpaMa), a Tanwe BJiacTomoOmo (3aHMeTb Bce papcTBa MHpa H cnaBy hx). Hncyc — btopoh, coBepmeH-
Hbin AnaM, He noAAaeTCH HCKymeHHHM n pemaeTCH Ha CBepmeHHe CBoeii MHccnn Meccnn b nocjiymaHnn
226