DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.16864#0011
INTRODUCTION.
Vol. XXXVII.]
PAGE
and the French Emperor and the King oe Sardinia entered
Milan. The same success attended the Allies, culminating in
the battle of Solferino, which led to the Armistice signed at
Villafranca.
I
The bases of peace were as follows :—
“ The Two Sovereigns will favour the creation of an Italian Confederation.
“ That Confederation shall be under the honorary presidency of the Holy
Father.
“ The Emperor of Austria cedes to the Emperor of the French his
rights over Lombardy, with the exception of the fortresses of Mantua and
Pesehiera, so that the frontier of the Austrian possessions shall start from
the extreme range of the fortress of Pesehiera, and shall extend in a direct
line along the Mincio as far as Grazio ; thence to Scorzarolo and Luzana to
the Po, whence the actual frontiers shall continue to form the limits of
Austria. The Emperor of the French will hand over (remettra) the ceded
territory to the King of Sardinia.
“ Venetia shall form part of the Italian Confederation, though remaining
under the crown of the Emperor of Austria.
“ The Grand Duke of Tuscany and the Duke of Modena return to their
States, granting a general amnesty.
“ The two Emperors will ask the Holy Father to introduce indispensable
reforms into his States.
“ A full and complete amnesty is granted on both sides to persons com-
promised in the late events in the territories of the belligerent parties.”
This Treaty (confirmed at Zurich) greatly disappointed the
Italians, and the Assembly at Romagna at once threw off
its allegiance to the Pope, and declared fealty to Victor-
Emmanuel.
We have reserved mention of that noble, gallant, and
unselfish patriot, Giuseppe Gaeibaldi, who stood forth so
[July to December, 1859.
PACK
prominently in the cause of his country at this crisis of her
fate. He placed himself at the head of a band of Chasseurs
of the Alps, and advanced on the north-west of Lombardy.
At the end of May he drove the Austrians out of Como, and
then crossed the Sesia, when he again repulsed the enemy
opposite Vercelli. On entering Lombardy, Gaeibaldi issued
the following indignant and heart-stirring proclamation to
the inhabitants :—-
“ Lombards,—You are called to a new life, and you will respond to the
appeal as your fathers did of yore at Ponsida and Legnano. The enemy is
the same as ever—pitiless, a black assassin, and a robber. Your brethren of
every province have sworn to conquer or die with you. It is our task to
avenge the insults, the outrages, and the servitude of twenty generations ;
it is for us to leave to our children a patrimony freed from the pollution of a
foreign domination. Victor-Emmanuel, chosen by the national will for our
supreme chief, sends me to organise you for this patriotic fight. I deeply
feel the sanctity of this mission, and I am proud to command you. To
arms, then ! Bondage must cease. He who can seize an arm and does not,
is a traitor. Italy, with her children united, and freed from foreign domina-
tion, will know how to reconquer the rank which Providence has assigned
her among nations.”
Again, in June, he drove the Austrians to Castenedolo, where
the main body of the enemy endeavoured to surround his pur-
suing troops ; hut Gaeibaldi, coming to the rescue, defeated
the Austrians with great slaughter. Mr. Punch did himself
the honour to forward to this illustrious man a Field Glass,
which he has reason to believe was not unacceptable to the
Great Italian Patriot.
NOTES.
2 The Logic of Intervention.—For the articles upon the
Italian War, see Introduction, except in special cases, when
explanations will be found in the Notes.
3 How to Dress our Riflemen.—The question of uniform
was much discussed on the establishment of the various Rifie
Corps, and some very preposterous suggestions appeared in the
daily papers.
3 “ What Next, and Next ? ” was the title of a pamphlet
by Me. Cob den.
4 Spare the Whip and Spoil the Child.—Sir W.
Haytee was ‘-Whip” to the House of Commons for the
Ministry, and his duties consisted in getting together members
favourable to the Government when a division was expected.
5 Turn and Turn About.—The Palmerston party had
just returned to office.
11 A Tete-a-Tete with Tait.—Dr. Tait, Bishop of London.
14 “The Bitter Cup”—was made of quassia wood, and
imparted au agreeable bitter taste in a few moments to any
liquid poured into it.
22 On the Advertising Pillar at Hyde Park Corner.
& —By permission of Lord J. Manners, a pillar upon which
31 all kinds of advertisements were exhibited had been set up
close to the entrance of the West End Parks. It was speedily
removed.
25 Portrait of a Diabolical Englishman.—There was
such a man, however, and his name was Pearce.
27 The Armistice lead to the Treaty of Zurich, which proved
so unsatisfactory to the Italians. See Introduction.
36 Italy is Free, and Free Italy.—See “ The Treaty of
37 Peace.”—Introduction.
40 A Liberal Offer.—The Advertising Column referred to at
pp. 22 and 31 was a French idea.
Is it “J”?—Or Jenkins of former Volumes. 43
Board of Ill-Health.—A banquet had been given to Mr. 45
Charles Kean by his admirers, and the most fulsome bosh
had been uttered by some of the speakers.
Papable.—- The Noble Marquis is reputed to be very parsi- 46
monious. Mr. Charles Reade, the distinguished novelist
and dramatist, had recently exerted himself greatly on behalf
of an ill-used person said to be insane.
Au Unpleasant Neighbour.—See “ Essence of Parlia- 47
ment.”—National Defence.
Latest Marvel in the Nest-Building Way.—See 49
Note to p. 46.
Monsieur “Walker!”—This, and the fldlowing Cartoons 57
atpp. 66, 76, 197, 207, 216, 217, expressed the popular feeling
in 1859.
“ Go into a Back Room.”—Mr. Broughton was a 61
Metropolitan Stipendiary Magistrate.
A Bit of an Old English Ballad.—A Fact. 65
Another Banquet and Another Testimonial.— See 91
ante, p. 45.
The First Lesson.—The Emperor Napoleon had pro- 97
claimed an Amnesty to certain political offenders.
Infallibility’s Four Reasons.—See Introduction. 99
More Chiming than Charming.—The construction of 104
the large Bell for the Westminister Clock was entrusted to
Mr. Denison, an amateur in campanology.
Another Strike.—’The bricklayers of London struck about 112
this time, and occasioned great loss to themselves and much
inconvenience to the public. As usual, the workmen and their
families were the sufferers ultimatelv.
Vol. XXXVII.]
PAGE
and the French Emperor and the King oe Sardinia entered
Milan. The same success attended the Allies, culminating in
the battle of Solferino, which led to the Armistice signed at
Villafranca.
I
The bases of peace were as follows :—
“ The Two Sovereigns will favour the creation of an Italian Confederation.
“ That Confederation shall be under the honorary presidency of the Holy
Father.
“ The Emperor of Austria cedes to the Emperor of the French his
rights over Lombardy, with the exception of the fortresses of Mantua and
Pesehiera, so that the frontier of the Austrian possessions shall start from
the extreme range of the fortress of Pesehiera, and shall extend in a direct
line along the Mincio as far as Grazio ; thence to Scorzarolo and Luzana to
the Po, whence the actual frontiers shall continue to form the limits of
Austria. The Emperor of the French will hand over (remettra) the ceded
territory to the King of Sardinia.
“ Venetia shall form part of the Italian Confederation, though remaining
under the crown of the Emperor of Austria.
“ The Grand Duke of Tuscany and the Duke of Modena return to their
States, granting a general amnesty.
“ The two Emperors will ask the Holy Father to introduce indispensable
reforms into his States.
“ A full and complete amnesty is granted on both sides to persons com-
promised in the late events in the territories of the belligerent parties.”
This Treaty (confirmed at Zurich) greatly disappointed the
Italians, and the Assembly at Romagna at once threw off
its allegiance to the Pope, and declared fealty to Victor-
Emmanuel.
We have reserved mention of that noble, gallant, and
unselfish patriot, Giuseppe Gaeibaldi, who stood forth so
[July to December, 1859.
PACK
prominently in the cause of his country at this crisis of her
fate. He placed himself at the head of a band of Chasseurs
of the Alps, and advanced on the north-west of Lombardy.
At the end of May he drove the Austrians out of Como, and
then crossed the Sesia, when he again repulsed the enemy
opposite Vercelli. On entering Lombardy, Gaeibaldi issued
the following indignant and heart-stirring proclamation to
the inhabitants :—-
“ Lombards,—You are called to a new life, and you will respond to the
appeal as your fathers did of yore at Ponsida and Legnano. The enemy is
the same as ever—pitiless, a black assassin, and a robber. Your brethren of
every province have sworn to conquer or die with you. It is our task to
avenge the insults, the outrages, and the servitude of twenty generations ;
it is for us to leave to our children a patrimony freed from the pollution of a
foreign domination. Victor-Emmanuel, chosen by the national will for our
supreme chief, sends me to organise you for this patriotic fight. I deeply
feel the sanctity of this mission, and I am proud to command you. To
arms, then ! Bondage must cease. He who can seize an arm and does not,
is a traitor. Italy, with her children united, and freed from foreign domina-
tion, will know how to reconquer the rank which Providence has assigned
her among nations.”
Again, in June, he drove the Austrians to Castenedolo, where
the main body of the enemy endeavoured to surround his pur-
suing troops ; hut Gaeibaldi, coming to the rescue, defeated
the Austrians with great slaughter. Mr. Punch did himself
the honour to forward to this illustrious man a Field Glass,
which he has reason to believe was not unacceptable to the
Great Italian Patriot.
NOTES.
2 The Logic of Intervention.—For the articles upon the
Italian War, see Introduction, except in special cases, when
explanations will be found in the Notes.
3 How to Dress our Riflemen.—The question of uniform
was much discussed on the establishment of the various Rifie
Corps, and some very preposterous suggestions appeared in the
daily papers.
3 “ What Next, and Next ? ” was the title of a pamphlet
by Me. Cob den.
4 Spare the Whip and Spoil the Child.—Sir W.
Haytee was ‘-Whip” to the House of Commons for the
Ministry, and his duties consisted in getting together members
favourable to the Government when a division was expected.
5 Turn and Turn About.—The Palmerston party had
just returned to office.
11 A Tete-a-Tete with Tait.—Dr. Tait, Bishop of London.
14 “The Bitter Cup”—was made of quassia wood, and
imparted au agreeable bitter taste in a few moments to any
liquid poured into it.
22 On the Advertising Pillar at Hyde Park Corner.
& —By permission of Lord J. Manners, a pillar upon which
31 all kinds of advertisements were exhibited had been set up
close to the entrance of the West End Parks. It was speedily
removed.
25 Portrait of a Diabolical Englishman.—There was
such a man, however, and his name was Pearce.
27 The Armistice lead to the Treaty of Zurich, which proved
so unsatisfactory to the Italians. See Introduction.
36 Italy is Free, and Free Italy.—See “ The Treaty of
37 Peace.”—Introduction.
40 A Liberal Offer.—The Advertising Column referred to at
pp. 22 and 31 was a French idea.
Is it “J”?—Or Jenkins of former Volumes. 43
Board of Ill-Health.—A banquet had been given to Mr. 45
Charles Kean by his admirers, and the most fulsome bosh
had been uttered by some of the speakers.
Papable.—- The Noble Marquis is reputed to be very parsi- 46
monious. Mr. Charles Reade, the distinguished novelist
and dramatist, had recently exerted himself greatly on behalf
of an ill-used person said to be insane.
Au Unpleasant Neighbour.—See “ Essence of Parlia- 47
ment.”—National Defence.
Latest Marvel in the Nest-Building Way.—See 49
Note to p. 46.
Monsieur “Walker!”—This, and the fldlowing Cartoons 57
atpp. 66, 76, 197, 207, 216, 217, expressed the popular feeling
in 1859.
“ Go into a Back Room.”—Mr. Broughton was a 61
Metropolitan Stipendiary Magistrate.
A Bit of an Old English Ballad.—A Fact. 65
Another Banquet and Another Testimonial.— See 91
ante, p. 45.
The First Lesson.—The Emperor Napoleon had pro- 97
claimed an Amnesty to certain political offenders.
Infallibility’s Four Reasons.—See Introduction. 99
More Chiming than Charming.—The construction of 104
the large Bell for the Westminister Clock was entrusted to
Mr. Denison, an amateur in campanology.
Another Strike.—’The bricklayers of London struck about 112
this time, and occasioned great loss to themselves and much
inconvenience to the public. As usual, the workmen and their
families were the sufferers ultimatelv.