DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.44944#0473
PORTA ESQUILINA—PORTA FLAMINIA 407
The date of the first porta Cornelia is not known, but in the time of
Procopius (BG i. 22) a portico was already in existence from near the
mausoleum to S. Peter’s, by which time also the fortifications of the
mausoleum were continued down to the bank of the river, and the porta
Cornelia must have formed a passage through them (Jord. i. 1. 375'377,
390 ; ii. 166 ; T ix. 473 ; cf. also Porta Aurelia). It seems very
doubtful whether any remains of this gate survived as late as the
sixteenth century (Richter 72).
Porta Esquilina : a gate in the Servian wall, on the Esquiline, at the south
end of the agger (Liv. ii. II. 5 ; Dionys. ix. 68 ; Flor. ii. 9. 6 ; App. BC
i. 58 ; Censorin. d. d. nat. 17. 8 ; Frontinus i. 21). It is mentioned several
times in ancient literature (Liv. pass. ; Cic. pro Clu. 37 ; de orat. ii. 276 ;
in Pis. 55, 61, 74 ; Tac. Ann. ii. 32). According to Strabo (v. 234) the
via Labicana and the via Praenestina began at this gate (η Καβικανη
αργομενη μεν απο της Ήσκυλίνης πύλης, άφ’ ης καί η ΤΙραινεστινη, εν
αριστεροί. §’ άφεΐσα κα) ταυτην και το πε§ίον το ’ΐίσκυλΐνον). The
divergence of the two roads, however, took place only just before the
Porta Praenestina of the Aurelian wall (PBS i. 150, n. 1). The porta
Esquilina itself, the site of which is marked by the existing Arcus
Gallieni (q.v.), had probably been removed by the end of the republic
(Jord. i. 1. 221-222 ; RE v. 683 ; for excavations on this site, see BC
1875, 191, pl. xx). It is probable that the Via Tiburtina (q.v.) also
issued from this gate (PBS iii. 86).
Porta Fenestella : a gate of some sort, not in the city wall, that seems
to have stood on or near the summa Sacra via, close by a shrine of Fortuna,
but is otherwise unknown (Ov. Fast. vi. 578 ; Plut. q.R. 36 ; Gilb. iii. 427 ;
Jord. i. 1. 245 ; RE vi. 2180). Fenestella may simply mean ‘ postern ’
(Rose, Plutarch, Roman Questions, in loc.).
Porta Flaminia : a gate in the Aurelian wall through which the Via
Flaminia (q.v.) issued from the city (DMH ; Procop. BG i. 14. 14 ;
23. 2). In the Middle Ages it was also known as Porta S. Valentini, Porta
S. Mariae de Popolo, and Porta Flumentana,1 and after the fifteenth
century by its present name Porta del Popolo (T x. 202-206). It is gener-
ally thought that Sixtus IV destroyed the old gate and built that which
is now standing, replacing the semi-circular towers of Honorius by square
bastions. These bastions, however, wTere faced with blocks of marble,
which had upon them circular bosses similar to those on the bastions
of the Porta Appia (q.v.). Several of them bore inscriptions (CIL
vi. 13552, 28067, 30464, 31455, 31689, 317M, 3I77I) and most, if not all,
were taken from tombs ; see Sepulcrum P. Aelii Guttae Calpurniani,
Sep. Galloniorum, Sep. L. Nonii Asprenatis. It seems therefore very
doubtful whether the inscriptions would not have been copied by the
1 Owing rather to its nearness to the river than to an erroneous identification with the
gate of the Servian wall.
The date of the first porta Cornelia is not known, but in the time of
Procopius (BG i. 22) a portico was already in existence from near the
mausoleum to S. Peter’s, by which time also the fortifications of the
mausoleum were continued down to the bank of the river, and the porta
Cornelia must have formed a passage through them (Jord. i. 1. 375'377,
390 ; ii. 166 ; T ix. 473 ; cf. also Porta Aurelia). It seems very
doubtful whether any remains of this gate survived as late as the
sixteenth century (Richter 72).
Porta Esquilina : a gate in the Servian wall, on the Esquiline, at the south
end of the agger (Liv. ii. II. 5 ; Dionys. ix. 68 ; Flor. ii. 9. 6 ; App. BC
i. 58 ; Censorin. d. d. nat. 17. 8 ; Frontinus i. 21). It is mentioned several
times in ancient literature (Liv. pass. ; Cic. pro Clu. 37 ; de orat. ii. 276 ;
in Pis. 55, 61, 74 ; Tac. Ann. ii. 32). According to Strabo (v. 234) the
via Labicana and the via Praenestina began at this gate (η Καβικανη
αργομενη μεν απο της Ήσκυλίνης πύλης, άφ’ ης καί η ΤΙραινεστινη, εν
αριστεροί. §’ άφεΐσα κα) ταυτην και το πε§ίον το ’ΐίσκυλΐνον). The
divergence of the two roads, however, took place only just before the
Porta Praenestina of the Aurelian wall (PBS i. 150, n. 1). The porta
Esquilina itself, the site of which is marked by the existing Arcus
Gallieni (q.v.), had probably been removed by the end of the republic
(Jord. i. 1. 221-222 ; RE v. 683 ; for excavations on this site, see BC
1875, 191, pl. xx). It is probable that the Via Tiburtina (q.v.) also
issued from this gate (PBS iii. 86).
Porta Fenestella : a gate of some sort, not in the city wall, that seems
to have stood on or near the summa Sacra via, close by a shrine of Fortuna,
but is otherwise unknown (Ov. Fast. vi. 578 ; Plut. q.R. 36 ; Gilb. iii. 427 ;
Jord. i. 1. 245 ; RE vi. 2180). Fenestella may simply mean ‘ postern ’
(Rose, Plutarch, Roman Questions, in loc.).
Porta Flaminia : a gate in the Aurelian wall through which the Via
Flaminia (q.v.) issued from the city (DMH ; Procop. BG i. 14. 14 ;
23. 2). In the Middle Ages it was also known as Porta S. Valentini, Porta
S. Mariae de Popolo, and Porta Flumentana,1 and after the fifteenth
century by its present name Porta del Popolo (T x. 202-206). It is gener-
ally thought that Sixtus IV destroyed the old gate and built that which
is now standing, replacing the semi-circular towers of Honorius by square
bastions. These bastions, however, wTere faced with blocks of marble,
which had upon them circular bosses similar to those on the bastions
of the Porta Appia (q.v.). Several of them bore inscriptions (CIL
vi. 13552, 28067, 30464, 31455, 31689, 317M, 3I77I) and most, if not all,
were taken from tombs ; see Sepulcrum P. Aelii Guttae Calpurniani,
Sep. Galloniorum, Sep. L. Nonii Asprenatis. It seems therefore very
doubtful whether the inscriptions would not have been copied by the
1 Owing rather to its nearness to the river than to an erroneous identification with the
gate of the Servian wall.