DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.44944#0635
VESTA
557
Vesta, aedicula, ara :* a shrine which Augustus, after becoming pontifex
maximus, built close to or within his own house on the Palatine, and
dedicated 28th April, 12 b.c. (Ov. Fast. iv. 951 ; Met. xv. 864 ; Fast. Caer.
Praen. ad iv Kai. Mai, CIL i2. p. 213, 236; and possibly Cass. Dio liv.
27. 3 ; cf. CIL i2. p. 317). It is regarded as probable that a Palladium was
kept within this temple (cf. coins with Vesta and Palladium, Stevenson,
Dictionary of Roman Coins, 854-855), referred to in an inscription of
the fourth century from Privernum (CIL x. 6441 : praepositus palladii
Palatini),1 and that this temple became in time more important than
that in the forum (WR 76, 156). No certain traces of it have been
found, and its location is uncertain. Some sixteenth century drawings
(Dosio, Florence, Uffizi 2039) have been thought to represent this round
temple on the Palatine (BC 1883, 198-202 ; GA 1888, 151-152 ; Altm. 72),
but this view has been vigorously combated by Hulsen (Mitt. 1895, 28-37
HJ 76-77), on apparently good grounds. See also JRS 1914, 211 ;
1919, 180.
Vesta, aedes :* the temple of Vesta at the east end of the forum, near
the fountain of Juturna and the temple of Castor (Dionys. ii. 66 ; vi. 13 ;
Mart. i. 70. 3-4 ; Hor. Sat. i. 9), originally within the precinct of the
Vestals (Atrium Vestae, q.v. ; Van Deman, Atrium Vestae, 9-10).
The building of this shrine was ascribed by some to Romulus, but wrongly
according to the Roman antiquarians, who attributed it to Numa (Dionys.
ii. 65-66; Fest. 262; Plut. Numa 11). It was, however, outside the
Palatine pomerium, and cannot have antedated the second stage of the
city’s growth. It was a round, tholus-shaped, structure (Ov. Fast. vi.
265-282 ; Fest. Plut. locc. citt.), probably in imitation of the ancient
Italic hut (Altm. 14), and said to have been built originally of wattles
with a thatched roof (Ov. Fast. vi. 261-262). It was not an inaugurated
templum (Gell. xiv. 7. 7 ; Serv. Aen. vii. 153 : non augurio consecratum
ne illuc conveniret senatus), although it was sometimes called templum
by the poets (e.g. Ov. Fast. vi. 265, 281). It contained the sacred fire
(Ov. Fast. vi. 297 ; see Porta Stercoraria), the Palladium brought
by Aeneas from Troy (Ov. Trist. iii. 1. 29; Dionys. ii. 66), and other
sacra (Dionys. loc. cit.), which were kept in a secret recess called the penus
Vestae (Fest. 250 : penus vocatur intumus in aede Vestae tegetibus
saeptus ; Serv. Aen. iii. 12 ; cf. Fest. 158, 161 ; Altm. 59-60), but no
statue of the goddess herself (Ov. Fast. vi. 295-298 ; see Aedicula
Vestae, S. Atrium Vestae, ad fin.).
This temple was undoubtedly burned when the Gauls sacked the city
in 390 b.c. (Liv. v. 42 ; Plut. Cam. 21), and again in 241 when Caecilius
Metellus rescued the Palladium at the cost of his sight, which was mira-
culously restored (Liv. ep. 19; Oros. iv. 11. 9 ; Ov. Fast. vi. 437-454 ;
Dionys. ii. 66 ; Plin. NH vii. 141 ; Vai. Max. i. 4. 5). In 210 it was saved
from burning by the devotion of thirteen slaves (Liv. xxvi. 27), and again
1 Cf. Domus Augustiana (p. 165).
557
Vesta, aedicula, ara :* a shrine which Augustus, after becoming pontifex
maximus, built close to or within his own house on the Palatine, and
dedicated 28th April, 12 b.c. (Ov. Fast. iv. 951 ; Met. xv. 864 ; Fast. Caer.
Praen. ad iv Kai. Mai, CIL i2. p. 213, 236; and possibly Cass. Dio liv.
27. 3 ; cf. CIL i2. p. 317). It is regarded as probable that a Palladium was
kept within this temple (cf. coins with Vesta and Palladium, Stevenson,
Dictionary of Roman Coins, 854-855), referred to in an inscription of
the fourth century from Privernum (CIL x. 6441 : praepositus palladii
Palatini),1 and that this temple became in time more important than
that in the forum (WR 76, 156). No certain traces of it have been
found, and its location is uncertain. Some sixteenth century drawings
(Dosio, Florence, Uffizi 2039) have been thought to represent this round
temple on the Palatine (BC 1883, 198-202 ; GA 1888, 151-152 ; Altm. 72),
but this view has been vigorously combated by Hulsen (Mitt. 1895, 28-37
HJ 76-77), on apparently good grounds. See also JRS 1914, 211 ;
1919, 180.
Vesta, aedes :* the temple of Vesta at the east end of the forum, near
the fountain of Juturna and the temple of Castor (Dionys. ii. 66 ; vi. 13 ;
Mart. i. 70. 3-4 ; Hor. Sat. i. 9), originally within the precinct of the
Vestals (Atrium Vestae, q.v. ; Van Deman, Atrium Vestae, 9-10).
The building of this shrine was ascribed by some to Romulus, but wrongly
according to the Roman antiquarians, who attributed it to Numa (Dionys.
ii. 65-66; Fest. 262; Plut. Numa 11). It was, however, outside the
Palatine pomerium, and cannot have antedated the second stage of the
city’s growth. It was a round, tholus-shaped, structure (Ov. Fast. vi.
265-282 ; Fest. Plut. locc. citt.), probably in imitation of the ancient
Italic hut (Altm. 14), and said to have been built originally of wattles
with a thatched roof (Ov. Fast. vi. 261-262). It was not an inaugurated
templum (Gell. xiv. 7. 7 ; Serv. Aen. vii. 153 : non augurio consecratum
ne illuc conveniret senatus), although it was sometimes called templum
by the poets (e.g. Ov. Fast. vi. 265, 281). It contained the sacred fire
(Ov. Fast. vi. 297 ; see Porta Stercoraria), the Palladium brought
by Aeneas from Troy (Ov. Trist. iii. 1. 29; Dionys. ii. 66), and other
sacra (Dionys. loc. cit.), which were kept in a secret recess called the penus
Vestae (Fest. 250 : penus vocatur intumus in aede Vestae tegetibus
saeptus ; Serv. Aen. iii. 12 ; cf. Fest. 158, 161 ; Altm. 59-60), but no
statue of the goddess herself (Ov. Fast. vi. 295-298 ; see Aedicula
Vestae, S. Atrium Vestae, ad fin.).
This temple was undoubtedly burned when the Gauls sacked the city
in 390 b.c. (Liv. v. 42 ; Plut. Cam. 21), and again in 241 when Caecilius
Metellus rescued the Palladium at the cost of his sight, which was mira-
culously restored (Liv. ep. 19; Oros. iv. 11. 9 ; Ov. Fast. vi. 437-454 ;
Dionys. ii. 66 ; Plin. NH vii. 141 ; Vai. Max. i. 4. 5). In 210 it was saved
from burning by the devotion of thirteen slaves (Liv. xxvi. 27), and again
1 Cf. Domus Augustiana (p. 165).