DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.44944#0480
414
PORTA OUIRINALIS—PORTA ROMANA
Porta Quirinalis : a gate in the Servian wall which is mentioned only
once (Fest. 255 : Quirinalis porta dicta sive quod ea in collem Quirinalem
itur seu quod proxime earn est Quirini sacellum). The gate was probably
just north of the temple of Quirinus (q.v.), where an ancient street,
corresponding to the modern Via delle quattro Fontane, crossed the line
of the wall (Jord. i. I. 221 ; HJ 399, 411 ; RhM 1894, 411 ; Hermes,
1891, 141-144 ; BC 1914, 80). On this site remains of steps have been
found which may have belonged to the approach to the gate (BC 1892,
271-275, pl. xv. ; Mitt. 1893, 303-304)·
Porta Ratumenna : a gate said to have been named after an Etruscan
charioteer, whose horses, after having won a race at Veii, were frightened,
ran to Rome, threw their driver out and killed him at this gate, and
finally stopped on the Capitolium in front of a terra cotta statue of
Jupiter (Fest. 274, 275 ; Plin. NH viii. 161 ; Solin. xlv. 15 ; Plut.
Poplic. 13). It has been explained by some as a gate in the Servian
wall between the Capitoline and the Quirinal,1 by others as an entrance
into the Capitoline enclosure, but its site is entirely a matter of conjecture
(Jord. i. I. 209-210, 271 ; RhM 1904, 412-413 ; Richter 44; Gilb. ii. 280),
and it was probably not a city gate at all.
Porta Raudusculana : a gate in the Servian wall, mentioned next to the
porta Naevia by Varro (LL v. 163), who says that it was called rauduscu-
lana quod aerata fuit. Festus (275) gives alternative explanations :
Rodusculana porta appellata, quod rudis et inpolita sit relicta, vel quia,
raudo, id est aere, fuerit vincta, while according to Vai. Maximus (v. 6. 3)
the name came from bronze horns affixed to the gate in memory of the
praetor Genucius Cipus, from whose forehead horns had sprung as he was
passing through it on his way to war. This was interpreted as an augury
that he would be king if he returned to Rome, and to avoid this disaster
to his country, he remained abroad. The most probable explanation of
the name is that the gate was strengthened with plates or hinges of
bronze.
The existence of a vicus portae R(a)udusculanae in Region XII (CIL
vi. 975) is evidence for the location of this gate on the eastern part of the
Aventine. The vicus is generally thought to be a continuation of the
Vicus Piscinae Publicae (q.v.), and if so, the porta was in the depression
between the two parts of the hill, at the junction of the modern Viale
Aventino and the Via di Porta S. Paolo (Jord. i. I. 234 ; HJ 184 ; Gilb.
ii. 295-296, 308-309 ; Merlin 120, 129 ; BC 1891, 211 n.).
Porta Romana : one of the three (?) gates of the early Palatine city (Varro,
LL v. 164 : alteram Romanulam ab Roma dictam, quae habet gradus
in nova via ad Volupiae sacellum (see Palatium, p. 376) ; vi. 24 : Velabro
1 This view is maintained in BPW 1912, 1734—despite the fact that at that time there
was no via Flaminia nor pons Mulvius, and that the road from Veii probably crossed the
pons Sublicius—considerations which would not have occurred to those who handed down
the story. For the name cf. Rosch. iv. 62.
PORTA OUIRINALIS—PORTA ROMANA
Porta Quirinalis : a gate in the Servian wall which is mentioned only
once (Fest. 255 : Quirinalis porta dicta sive quod ea in collem Quirinalem
itur seu quod proxime earn est Quirini sacellum). The gate was probably
just north of the temple of Quirinus (q.v.), where an ancient street,
corresponding to the modern Via delle quattro Fontane, crossed the line
of the wall (Jord. i. I. 221 ; HJ 399, 411 ; RhM 1894, 411 ; Hermes,
1891, 141-144 ; BC 1914, 80). On this site remains of steps have been
found which may have belonged to the approach to the gate (BC 1892,
271-275, pl. xv. ; Mitt. 1893, 303-304)·
Porta Ratumenna : a gate said to have been named after an Etruscan
charioteer, whose horses, after having won a race at Veii, were frightened,
ran to Rome, threw their driver out and killed him at this gate, and
finally stopped on the Capitolium in front of a terra cotta statue of
Jupiter (Fest. 274, 275 ; Plin. NH viii. 161 ; Solin. xlv. 15 ; Plut.
Poplic. 13). It has been explained by some as a gate in the Servian
wall between the Capitoline and the Quirinal,1 by others as an entrance
into the Capitoline enclosure, but its site is entirely a matter of conjecture
(Jord. i. I. 209-210, 271 ; RhM 1904, 412-413 ; Richter 44; Gilb. ii. 280),
and it was probably not a city gate at all.
Porta Raudusculana : a gate in the Servian wall, mentioned next to the
porta Naevia by Varro (LL v. 163), who says that it was called rauduscu-
lana quod aerata fuit. Festus (275) gives alternative explanations :
Rodusculana porta appellata, quod rudis et inpolita sit relicta, vel quia,
raudo, id est aere, fuerit vincta, while according to Vai. Maximus (v. 6. 3)
the name came from bronze horns affixed to the gate in memory of the
praetor Genucius Cipus, from whose forehead horns had sprung as he was
passing through it on his way to war. This was interpreted as an augury
that he would be king if he returned to Rome, and to avoid this disaster
to his country, he remained abroad. The most probable explanation of
the name is that the gate was strengthened with plates or hinges of
bronze.
The existence of a vicus portae R(a)udusculanae in Region XII (CIL
vi. 975) is evidence for the location of this gate on the eastern part of the
Aventine. The vicus is generally thought to be a continuation of the
Vicus Piscinae Publicae (q.v.), and if so, the porta was in the depression
between the two parts of the hill, at the junction of the modern Viale
Aventino and the Via di Porta S. Paolo (Jord. i. I. 234 ; HJ 184 ; Gilb.
ii. 295-296, 308-309 ; Merlin 120, 129 ; BC 1891, 211 n.).
Porta Romana : one of the three (?) gates of the early Palatine city (Varro,
LL v. 164 : alteram Romanulam ab Roma dictam, quae habet gradus
in nova via ad Volupiae sacellum (see Palatium, p. 376) ; vi. 24 : Velabro
1 This view is maintained in BPW 1912, 1734—despite the fact that at that time there
was no via Flaminia nor pons Mulvius, and that the road from Veii probably crossed the
pons Sublicius—considerations which would not have occurred to those who handed down
the story. For the name cf. Rosch. iv. 62.